objective(s) wound licking has been shown to advance wound healing among humans and many other animals. the present study evaluates the licking effects on healing of skin wound in rats. materials and methods twenty four rats were assigned to 4 different groups randomly and two 3 cm longitudinal full thickness incisions were made on each dorsal and ventral side of rats. the ventral incisions wer...

this study compares the functional capabilities of different metacarpal fixation constructs under physiological loadings in an attempt to identify the optimal construct rather than the strongest one. one hundred and twenty-six preserved human metacarpals were mechanically tested after oblique osteotomies and internal fixation. maximum load to failure, average structural rigidity, and energy abs...

The new anchovy Stolephorus hindustanensis n. sp., described on the basis of 11 specimens collected from Mumbai, western coast India, closely resembles ronquilloi Wongratana, 1983 in sharing an indented preopercle posterior margin, long maxilla extending beyond double pigmented lines dorsum behind dorsal fin, and lacking a predorsal scute. However, species differs S. having lower counts gill ra...

Rel-family transcription factors function in a variety of biological processes, including development and immunity. During early Drosophila development, the Toll-Cactus-Dorsal pathway regulates the establishment of the embryonic dorsoventral axis. The last step in this pathway is the graded nuclear import of the Rel protein Dorsal. Dorsal is retained in the cytoplasm by the IkappaB-family prote...

the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of gender on the distribution of pancreatic islets in native chicken. ten adult male and ten adult female isfahan native chickens were used in this experiment. results showed a distinct sexual dimorphism in the native chicken pancreas which depends upon the various fractions of the pancreatic lobes, which were occupied by alpha, beta an...

introduction: the dorsal striatum plays an important role in the control of motor activity and learning processes within the basal ganglia circuitry. furthermore, recent works have suggested functional differentiation between subregions of the dorsal striatum methods: the present study examined the effects of bilateral electrolytic lesions of the dorsomedial striatum on motor behavior and learn...

We quantified the effectiveness of two scale characters commonly used to identify snakes: smooth versus keeled dorsal scales and straight versus oblique dorsal scale rows. We examined 169 species of African snakes from close-up photographs of the dorsal scales. We calculated the prominence of keels (if present) along the dorsal scales and the degree of straightness or obliqueness of the dorsal ...

In Drosophila embryos, dorsal-ventral polarity is defined by a signal transduction pathway that regulates nuclear import of the Dorsal protein. Dorsal protein's ability to act as a transcriptional activator of some zygotic genes and a repressor of others defines structure along the dorsal-ventral axis. Dorsal is a member of a group of proteins, the Rel-homologous proteins, whose activity is reg...

Coordinated cell movements during development require extensive exchange of information between the cells involved. Recent results suggest a connection between two signalling pathways during dorsal closure in the Drosophila embryo.