in the prediction of quantiles of daily Standard & Poor’s 500 (S&P 500) returns we consider how to use high-frequency 5-minute data. We examine methods that incorporate the high frequency information either indirectly, through combining forecasts (using forecasts generated from returns sampled at different intraday interval), or directly, through combining high frequency information into one mo...

This paper considers new downside risk-aversion models for linear optimization (linear programming) with discrete fuzzy random variables. Through new downside risk measures for fuzzy stochastic optimization problems, possibilistic low partial moment (PLPM) models are constructed by incorporating possibility and necessity measures into classical low partial moment. To provide practical models, t...