To accomplish network layer integration of terrestrial and satellite IP networks, special exterior gateway protocols are needed. In this work, a new exterior gateway protocol calledBorder Gateway Protocol Satellite version (BGP-S) is introduced that enables automated discovery of paths that go through the satellite network. This protocol is designed to work in only one terrestrial gateway in ev...

Enhancing the functioning of parents, teachers, juvenile justice authorities, and other health and mental heal professionals who direct children and adolescents to services is a major mental health services concern. The Gateway Provider Model is an elaborated testable subset of the Network-Episode Model (NEM; B. A. Pescosolido & C. A. Boyer, 1999) that synthesizes it with Decision (D. H. Gustaf...

objective: cigarette smoking is a highly addictive behavior and nicotine dependence is a well known model for drug dependence. it also acts as a gateway drug for the use of other illicit substances. in 1999, iran ministry of health and the national research center carried out a study which revealed that 11.9% of iranian population use cigarette. methods: the present study is a cross-sectional h...

background : in the current study, pattern of substance abuse among adolescence and early adulthood that have experienced one or more substances was assessed, and also parental support, religiosity, and locus of control were measured. methods : this cross-sectional study was conducted in hamadan city, iran in 2006. all subjects were selected from hama­dan city (urban area), iran based on snowba...

A gateway event [26] is a change to a system that leads to the possibility of huge increases in kinds and levels of complexity. It opens up a whole new kind of phase space to the system’s dynamics. Gateway events during evolution of life on earth include the appearance of eukaryotes (organisms with a cell nucleus), an oxygen atmosphere, multicelled organisms, and grass. Gateway events during th...

We present a new routing paradigm that generalizes opportunistic routing for the multi-gateway case. In plasma anypath routing, each packet is delivered over the best available path to one of the gateways. The choice of the path and gateway for each packet is not made beforehand by the source node, but rather on-the-fly by the mesh routers as the packet traverses the network. To our knowledge, ...

A gateway event [35] is a change to a system that leads to the possibility of huge increases in kinds and levels of complexity. It opens up a whole new kind of phase space to the system’s dynamics. Gateway events during evolution of life on earth include the appearance of eukaryotes (organisms with a cell nucleus), an oxygen atmosphere, multi-cellular organisms and grass. Gateway events during ...