See related article, pages 2403–2409. A growing body of literature has highlighted a significant discrepancy in outcomes for patients admitted on weekends versus weekdays for a number of diseases such as acute myocardial infarction,1 congestive heart failure,2 gastrointestinal hemorrhage,3 pulmonary embolism,4 and intracerebral hemorrhage.5 For acute ischemic stroke, the results have been varia...

In the past few years, politicians, the media, clinicians, and managers have become increasingly interested in the risks involved in being admitted to hospital at weekends. Although higher neonatal mortality has been reported for babies born at weekends than for those born during the week in the USA, the UK, and Australia since the 1970s, the fi rst investigation of a weekend eff ect in other a...

OBJECTIVE To explore whether parents' engagement in shift work affects the sleep habits of their adolescent children who attend school in two shifts. METHODS The data were drawn from an extensive survey of sleep and daytime functioning of adolescents attending school one week in the morning and the other in the afternoon. The participants were 1,386 elementary and high school students (11-18 ...

The light/dark cycle is the main zeitgeber acting on the mammalian circadian system; nevertheless, distinct environments, such as those with and without electricity may provoke important resetting effects on the clock. The aim of this study was to describe sleep/wake patterns of adolescents living in two Brazilian rural regions. In the first population, 120 adolescents participated in the study...

Drosophila, Wnt, FGF, Jak/Stat, Rho, Rac, RhoGEF, Pebble, Naked Cuticle The site for the latest installment of the Fly Meeting (March 7–11) was downtown Philadelphia. The conference offered an illustration of all that is great about the Drosophila field bringing together evolutionary biologists, immunologists and everyone in between. Here I will provide a small sample of several advances from t...

We show that the oscillatory driving of crystal surfaces can induce pattern formation or smoothening. Depending on driving conditions, step bunching and meandering, mound formation, or surface smoothening may be seen in the presence of a kinetic asymmetry at the steps or kinks. We employ a step model to calculate the induced mass flux along misoriented surfaces, which accounts for surface dynam...

BACKGROUND We examined the quality and aggressiveness of care for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) on weekends vs weekdays. Acute ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in the United States, and aggressive treatment must be provided within 3 hours for optimal patient outcomes. Because of this short treatment window for the administration of tissue plasminogen act...

Views of elderly patients and their relatives on cardiopulmonary resuscitation. SIR—The results presented by Minors et al. that older subjects showed less day-today variation in life style as obtained from diary reports [1] correspond to findings revealed by compliance monitoring. This indirect assessment method, continuous electronic compliance monitoring, provides information about the actual...

We study the control of modulational instability and pattern formation in a nonlinear dissipative feedback system with a periodic modulation of the material refractive index. We use a one-dimensional photonic lattice in a single-mirror feedback configuration and identify three mechanisms for pattern control: bandgap suppression of instability modes, periodicity induced pattern modes, and orient...

We present some numerical results obtained from a simple individual-based model that describes clustering of organisms caused by competition. Our aim is to show that, even when a deterministic description developed for continuum models predicts no pattern formation, an individual-based model displays well-defined patterns, as a consequence of fluctuation effects caused by the discrete nature of...