background: physicians in islamic countries believe that fasting in ramadan is equal to ingestion of thirty pills regularly ingested every year for clearing the blood and fortifying the tissues. the effects of islamic fasting on physiologic functions in normal conditions have been considered in different studies and different topics. this study was to determine the quantitative changes of hemog...

Little information has been published on the staffing structures of anaesthetic departments, either for routine or emergency work. The routine work is normally predictable within certain limits, and time and appropriate staff can be allocated for it. Emergency calls on the personnel of anaesthetic departments, however, occur throughout the day and night and are very variable, both in occurrence...

Are states constrained by international law? Recent studies suggest that the legal regime of the World Trade Organization (WTO), in particular, has no independent effect on members’ trade policies. We argue, in contrast, that the WTO’s “rule of law” is likely to deter protectionist practices against other members, including those lacking the ability to retaliate. The WTO accomplishes this by cl...

This descriptive study was designed to identify effects of difficulties experienced by adolescents who have a parent with cancer on their psychological condition. The study involved children of 13-18 years of age accompanying their parents who were receiving cancer treatment. The data were collected by a questionnaire prepared by the researchers, "Brief Symptom Inventory" and statistically comp...

A survey of 100 women in the south of London, United Kingdom (UK) compared exercise barrier intensities between non-exercising younger (20-27 years) and older (28-35 years) adult women; and examined childcare duties as perceived barriers to exercise. Perceived barriers to exercise were examined using an Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale (EBBS) comprising four subscales (exercise milieu; time exp...

Little information has been published on the staffing structures of anaesthetic departments, either for routine or emergency work. The routine work is normally predictable within certain limits, and time and appropriate staff can be allocated for it. Emergency calls on the personnel of anaesthetic departments, however, occur throughout the day and night and are very variable, both in occurrence...

OBJECTIVE To understand the job function of caregivers of older adults and contribute to the debate on the consolidation of this professional practice. METHODOLOGICAL PROCEDURES This is a descriptive, qualitative, and exploratory study. Four focal group sessions were performed in 2011 with 11 elderly companions, formal caregivers of older adults in the Programa Acompanhante de Idosos (Program...

M ost local governments in the United States manage and maintain streets and roads as part of their everyday duties. How well are local governments handling their responsibilities with respect to nationally accepted traffic engineering procedures and standards? To find out how local agencies in Tennessee were doing, a survey of every city and county in the state was conducted during the fall of...

In carrying out their duties and responsibilities, they are always faced with various factors, such as differences in opinion from each functional duties. This type of research is descriptive qualitative data collection techniques using interviews, observation, documentation. The sources this study were the Head Madrasah one educator MTs Nur El-Ehsan Katibung South Lampung. Checking validity do...

Evolutionary Computation (EC) is now a few decades old. The impressive development of the field since its initial conception has made it one of the most vigorous research areas, specifically from an applied viewpoint. This should not hide the existence of some major gaps in our understanding on these techniques. In this essay we propose a number of challenging tasks that –according to our opini...