This note is an introduction to the area of electronic cash (eCash) schemes. The note presents an informal definition of security of an eCash scheme and presents two examples of eCash schemes, each along with an informal analysis of its security.

The main incentive for the use of electronic commerce (E-commerce) and spread on a large scale is that most of business activities need payment system. As E-commerce requires an efficient payment system which is stable and secure for supporting electronically commerce. This paper proposed to enforce SET, SSL protocols for encrypting e-payment information. It also presented several methods to ta...

Credit-based electronic payment systems are considered to play important roles in future automated payment systems. Like most other types of payment systems, however, credit-based systems proposed so far generally involve computationally expensive cryptographic operations. Such a relatively heavy computational load is preventing credit-based systems from being used in applications which require...

The micro-payment system is an important technique in electronic commerce. The high-value payment system is not suitable for a micro-payment system because the requirements are di€erent. To meet sucient security for all participants in electronic commerce, a micro-payment system makes it possible to make small payment through electronic communication networks. In this paper, we propose a simpl...

Generally, money is the backbone of economy, essential for stability countries, and a token national Sovereignty. Historically, coinage was process by which countries were confirming their Sovereignty that they kept protecting it used coins as acceptable method transactions. In modern age with far-reaching technological development, digital payment has become widely commonly thereby sort securi...