To study the development of B lymphocyte memory, we identified and isolated splenic B cells expressing a highly defined antibody variable region that constitutes a reproducible and predominant component of the memory antibody response to p-azophenylarsonate (Ars). Isolation was achieved during the primary immune response by surface staining and flow cytometry using a specific anti-idiotypic ant...

We studied experimental canine oral papillomavirus (COPV) infection by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry of weekly biopsies. After 4 weeks, viral DNA in rete ridges suggested a keratinocyte stem cell target. Abundant viral DNA was seen in E4-positive cells only. E4 was predominantly cytoplasmic but also nuclear, being concentrated in the nucleoli during wart formation. Infected cel...

Proteins modified by multiubiquitin chains are the preferred substrates of the proteasome. Ubiquitination involves a ubiquitin-activating enzyme, E1, a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, E2, and often a substrate-specific ubiquitin-protein ligase, E3. Here we show that efficient multiubiquitination needed for proteasomal targeting of a model substrate requires an additional conjugation factor, named...

Although endothelial cells are quiescent and long-lived in vivo, when they are removed from blood vessels and cultured in vitro they die within days to weeks. In studies of the interaction of E1(-)E4(+) replication-deficient adenovirus (Ad) vectors and human endothelium, the cells remained quiescent and were viable for prolonged periods. Evaluation of these cultures showed that E1(-)E4(+) Ad ve...

To investigate mechanisms that control fruit development, we have begun experiments to identify proteins that control gene expression during tomato fruit ripening. We focused on the regulation of two different genes, E4 and E8, whose transcription is coordinately activated at the onset of fruit ripening. We report here that a DNA-binding protein specifically reacts with similar sequences flanki...

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 e0 e9 e11 e12 e10 e7 e15 2 e4 e2 e5 e6 L L L e13 3 e1 e3 e8 L L L L e16 4 L L L L L L e17 5 e0 e11 e12 e10 e9 L e15 6 e4 e2 e6 L19 e7 e5 L20 e13 7 e1 e3 L24 e8 L23 L22 e16 8 L25 L26 L30 L27 L28 L29 e17 9 e0 e12 e10 L31 e11 e9 e15 10 e4 e2 L19 L20 e6 e7 e13 11 e1 e3 L22 L23 L24 e8 e16 12 L L25 L26 L29 L30 L27 L28 e17 13 e0 e10 L21 e12 e9 e11 e15 14 e4 e2 e7 e6 L20 L19 e13 15 e1...

BACKGROUND The APOE*E4 allele has been associated with greater gray matter atrophy and with Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the relationship between cerebral gray matter atrophy and APOE*E4 genotype was also present in a community-dwelling, nondemented 60- to 64-year-old cohort. METHODS Hippocampal and amygdalar volumes were manually traced and analyzed o...

Fractions obtained from partitioning of aerial methanolic extract of Euphorbia Aellenii with chloroform (E2), ethyl acetate (E3), n-butanol (E4) and water (E5) were investigated in vitro for their phytotoxicity, insecticidal, anti-leishmanial, cytotoxicity, antibacterial and antifungal activities. Sample E2 appeared to have significant phytotoxic activity. In the insecticidal screening study o...