PURPOSE To quantify and compare phase retardation amplitude and regularity associated with the Henle fiber layer (HFL) between nonexudative AMD patients and age-matched controls using scanning laser polarimetry (SLP) imaging. METHODS A scanning laser polarimeter was used to collect 15 × 15° macular-centered images in 25 patients with nonexudative AMD and 25 age-matched controls. Raw image dat...

Astronomical tuning of sediment sequences requires both unambiguous cycle pattern recognition in climate proxy records and astronomical solutions, as well as independent information about the phase relationship between these two. Here we present two different astronomically tuned age models for the Oligocene–Miocene transition (OMT) from Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Site U1334 (equatorial ...

Across the visual field, progressive differences exist in neural processing as well as perceptual abilities. Expansion of stimulus scale across eccentricity compensates for some basic visual capacities, but not for high-order functions. It was hypothesized that as with many higher-order functions, perceptual grouping ability should decline across eccentricity. To test this prediction, psychophy...

Small saccades occur frequently during fixation, and are coupled to changes in visual stimulation and cognitive state. Neurophysiologically, fixational saccades reflect neural activity near the foveal region of a continuous visuomotor map. It is well known that competitive interactions between neurons within visuomotor maps contribute to target selection for large saccades. Here we asked how su...

Multidimensional psychophysical and electrophysical maps of the central retina are essential for assessing the functioning of the diseased retina. In this study, grating acuity, contrast sensitivity, duration for letter identification, multifocal electroretinograms, and Humphrey visual field thresholds were measured at equivalent positions throughout the central 20 degrees. We found that the ra...

muḥyī al-dīn maghribī is among the few astronomers of the middle ages whose astronomical system is entirely based on new measures of planetary parameters and whose measurement of the observational data and calculation processes for determining their amount have been carried out in maragha observatory. he has explained the details of his observations and calculations in a volume called talkhīṣ a...

Eccentricity-dependent sensitivity losses in spatial discrimination tasks can often be overcome by scaling stimuli at each eccentricity by a factor F=1+E/E(2). However, because there may be more than one eccentricity-dependent limitation at play in a particular task a single scaling function may be insufficient to explain all sensitivity losses as stimuli are moved from foveal to peripheral ret...