Conventional subsurface-flow constructed wetlands (SFCW) for wastewater treatment are typically designed as horizontal plug-flow vegetated beds. Limited oxygen, provided mostly by slow transfer through air–water interface, turns these systems anaerobic, thus requiring a long hydraulic retention time (HRT) to achieve desired effluent quality. A SFCW treatment system with biofield effluent dispos...

Effects of niacin or niacinamide in diets containing either soybean meal, raw whole soybeans or whole soybeans extruded at 132 and 149 C on ruminal bacterial fermentation were examined with a dual-flow continuous culture system. In Exp. 1, soybean sources each provided 50% of total crude protein in diets comprised of 52% concentrate mix, 36% corn silage and 12% alfalfa hay (dry-matter basis). E...

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) were measured in 10 Washington State rivers and 4 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) under periods of low and high flows to investigate the relative importance of point and non-point sources to rivers. PFCs were detected in all samples with summed values ranging from 1.11 to 74.9 ng/L in surface waters and 62.3-418 ng/L in WWTP effluent. Concentrations in 6 of t...

WAC 173-205-010 Purpose. 173-205-020 Definitions. 173-205-030 Applicability. 173-205-040 Determining the need for effluent characterization. 173-205-050 Effluent testing for toxicity. 173-205-060 Additional effluent characterizations. 173-205-070 Monitoring for compliance with whole effluent toxicity limits. 173-205-080 Samples for whole effluent toxicity testing. 173-205-090 Response to noncom...

The authors conducted a study on treating synthetic dairy wastewater using aerobic granular sludge (AGS) in laboratory-scale continuous flow reactor (CFR) system. system consisted of an anaerobic reactor, and settling sedimentation tank, with different hydraulic retention times tested over 90-day period. monitored characteristics effluent treatment performance found that the achieved excellent ...

Coronary vascular endothelial cells release substances into the coronary circulation that modify the contractile system of cardiac myocytes, and cardiac myocytes may release factors that modulate the secretion of cardioregulatory substances by endothelial cells. This regulatory loop is sensitive to the rate of coronary flow and tissue oxygen tension. In the present study, coronary venous efflue...

This study documents renal biochemistry during hypothermic machine perfusion of kidneys. It is intended to demonstrate that a comprehensive evaluation of organ viability during ex-vivo preservation is needed to increase the number of organs available for transplantation and to reduce the current renal discard rate. Porcine kidneys were hypothermically machine perfused for 72 h with either Uniso...

Microalgae are considered promising sources of raw material for biodiesel production. The cultivation of microalgae for obtaining biomass depends on several factors such as the amount of available nutrients, CO2, water, light, temperature and pH. The literature suggests the use of alternative nutrients for reducing the environmental impacts of biodiesel production from microalgae. This study ai...

A circular gravity-phase separator using coalescing medium with cross flow was developed to remove oil and suspended solids from wastewaters. Coalescence medium in the form of inclined plates promotes rising of oil droplets through coalescence and settling of solid particles through coagulation. It exhibits 22.67% higher removal of total suspended solids (TSS) compared to separators without coa...

The primary objective of this research study was to test the applicability and optimize the design parameters of a system of biological aerated filters in order to obtain an optimal effluent from the citrus industry, which would allow its drainage into the municipal sewer system. Expanded clay was used as a support material. After experimenting with both countercurrent and cocurrent flows as we...