Ancient Egyptian methods of baking and brewing are investigated by optical and scanning electron microscopy of desiccated bread loaves and beer remains. The results suggest that current conceptions about ancient Egyptian bread and beer making should be modified. Bread was made not only with flour from raw grain, but sometimes also with malt and with yeast. Brewing blended cooked and uncooked ma...

MATERIAL Two EGYPTIAN skeletons of the Dynastic Period are described: each shows anomalies compatible with the diagnosis of the basal cell naevus syndrome. They are in the Egyptian osteological collection of the Istituto di Antropologia, University of Turin (Cat. Nos. E225 and E 235), where one of us (M.I.S.) was carrying out research on an Italian Government scholarship in 1967. A curious and ...

In Egypt, liver diseases represent a national endemic crises, annually increasing to affect younger people. About 25% of population are sharing at least one of the liver problems; cirrhosis, hepatitis C virus HCV and/or hepatocellular carcinoma HCC with 100,000 death rate annually. Screening of 50 Egyptian spices, vegetables and wild plants for cytotoxicity against HepG2, successfully uncovered...

The main objective of this study is to test the relationship between numbers of variables representing the firm characteristics (market-related variables) and the extent of voluntary disclosure levels (forward-looking disclosure) in the annual reports of Egyptian firms listed on the Egyptian Stock Exchange. The results show that audit firm size is significantly positively correlated (in all the...

In the current study, Mitochondrial Cytochrome c oxidase gene especially codons within subunit 1 (cox1) of H. diminuta and H. nana Egyptian isolates from two stages (adult worms and eggs) and hosts origin (human and rat) were amplified, sequenced and aligned. PCR products were approximately 700 bp, 702 bp and 715 bp of H. nana rat isolates, H. diminuta rat isolates, and H. nana human isolates, ...

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity and significantly affects health-related quality of life. Consequently, there is growing interest in measuring health related quality of life. The aim of this study is to translate myocardial infarction dimensional assessment scale into Arabic language for Egyptian MI patients, test its validity, reliability and culturally a...

Introduction: Despite the common sociocultural background in the Arab world, considerable differences exist between its different countries. Aim of the Study: The study was conducted aiming at evaluating the impact of obsessive compulsive disorder on patients’ life in two relatively different Arab cultures and the implication of these cultures on OCD presentation and symptomatology. Subjects an...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in breast carcinogenesis is still controversial. Unraveling this relationship is potentially important for better understanding of breast cancer etiology, early detection and possibly prevention of breast cancer. The aim of the current study is to unravel the association between EBV and primary invasive breast cancer (PIBC) in two diff...

Handicrafts are an income generating activity for many women in Egypt, though as producers these women are often receiving the lowest return in the trading chain. This research analyses the potential for Egyptian craftswomen to use information and communication technologies (ICTs) to improve their earnings. The research shows that while ICTs could be a useful tool for marketing and selling thei...

Ancient Egyptian monuments have been objects of awe and study since their erection in ancient times. Throughout the ages many have sought to discover and teach the hidden truths embedded in these grand temples and tombs. The sacred landscape that the Egyptians created remains intriguing in our modern age. Now, more than ever, we have the responsibility to teach in a manner which holds true to b...