Textbook as an essential component of learning was required to assist in education that promotes gender equality. The findings previous studies on issues language textbook mostly indicated they depicted biases and stereotypes. To continue the study about textbook, present looked at visual textual data representing equality focused sector ELT textbooks for ninth graders Indonesian junior high sc...

Mastering grammar and vocabulary in communication are seemingly insufficient for learners to communicate with different societies worldwide. For this rationale, cultures ELT materials took a pivotal role equipping intercultural communicative competence (ICC). Hence, the researchers critically analyze two national commercial textbooks commonly used senior high schools tenth eleventh grades any a...

Determining the absolute chronology of ceramic artifacts has significant implications for archeological and historical research. Wilson, Hall et al. recently suggested a new technique for direct absolute dating of archeological ceramics based on a moisture-induced chemical reaction, called rehydroxylation (RHX) dating. RHX dating proceeds by measuring the mass of chemically combined water in th...

This article argues that the teaching of English as an international language (EIL) should be based on an entirely different set of assumptions than has typically informed English language teaching (ELT) pedagogy. To begin, several defining features of an international language are described. Because these features have altered the nature of English itself, the author maintains that the pedagog...

BACKGROUND External laryngeal trauma (ELT) is a rare but clinically important injury. OBJECTIVE To perform the first population-based, time series analysis of the epidemiology, management, and outcomes of ELT using an 11-state, inpatient sample database containing more than 54 million patients. PATIENTS Three hundred ninety-two patients with a primary or secondary diagnosis of ELT were iden...

The last three decades or so have seen a proliferation of studies into second language (L2) teachers’ cognition, encompassing their thinking, knowledge, and belief. However, are lacking the origins (or sources) L2 beliefs especially ideological beliefs. This paper reports subset findings from study investigating classroom practices secondary school EFL teachers in Indonesia. Aiming to reveal ab...

This paper discusses the leading role of Chinese educators in English Language Teaching (ELT) for young learners. English is a global language. ELT for children becomes especially popular in China when English was officially considered compulsory at primary school in 2001. National identity is the presentation of cultural identity, and alien culture helps children understand native culture from...

This study investigates some the reading passages in terms of hortatory messages. To this end a methodology based on Critical Discourse Analysis was adopted. The reading texts from ELT textbooks were examined through a model which drew on Fairclough's approach to CDA, specifically (Fairclough, 2003) in which three characteristic features of hortatory texts are introduced. The analysis reveals t...