embedded systems are becoming a suggestive target for code injection attacks in recent years. software protection mechanisms in general computers are not usually applicable in embedded systems as they come with limited resources like memory and processor. in this paper we investigate side channel characteristics of embedded systems and their usability in code injection attack detection. the arc...

The discovery of (interesting) subgroups has a high practical relevance in all domains of science or business. For example, consider statements such as: ”the unemployment rate is above average for young men with a low educational level”, ”smokers with a positive family history are at a significantly higher risk for coronary heart disease”, or ”single males living in rural areas do rarely take o...

Chemists have defined the point group of a molecule as the group of rigid symmetries of its molecular graph in R3. While this group is useful for analyzing the symmetries of rigid molecules, it does not include all of the symmetries of molecules which are flexible or can rotate around one or more bonds. To study the symmetries of such molecules, we define the topological symmetry group of a gra...

Abstract_ Introduction: Viola plant has been used traditionally for the treatment of neurological disorders. We aimed at determining whether pretreatment with Viola spathulata extract can alleviate the severity of ischemic-reperfusion damages and it can exert its protective effects through the regulation of a sodium/calcium exchanger (NCX3) gene expression in a rat brain. Methods: Male Wistar r...

A conjecture of Gromov states that a one-ended word-hyperbolic group must contain a subgroup that is isomorphic to the fundamental group of a closed hyperbolic surface. Recent papers by Gordon and Wilton and by Kim and Wilton give sufficient conditions for hyperbolic surface groups to be embedded in a hyperbolic Baumslag double G. Using Nielsen cancellation methods based on techniques from prev...

Given an infinite graph of profinite groups ( $${\cal G}$$ , Γ) we construct a $$\overline {\cal G} ,\overline \Gamma $$ ) such that Γ is densely embedded in the fundamental group $${\Pi _1}\left( {\overline } \right)$$ completion $${\pi {{\cal G},\Gamma and standard tree $$S\left( embeds . This answers Ribes’ question [5, Question 6.7.1]. Generalizing main results [8] [2] answer two other ques...