the european countries' stances towards bush's pre-emptive war were hard. this has been caused by some factors; first, the political european tradition of balance of power in regional and international system is still continuing. second, the pre-emptive war has led to an increase of u.s mobility power in european security field. and at last the pre-emptive war has led to fractions and...

The cattle industry is increasingly being asked to address issues of animal welfare, of which pain management in livestock is an important component. Though there are no FDA-approved drugs for pain management in cattle, there are veterinary drugs available that can be administered (in an extralabel manner) either pre-emptively before painful stimuli, or during a pain process in cattle. There ar...

BACKGROUND In this study we have evaluated the efficacy of ketamine via i.m. and epidural routes for the control of post-thoracotomy pain. METHODS The study was randomized, double blinded and placebo controlled. With the approval of the Faculty Ethics Committee, 60 patients undergoing elective thoracotomy were randomized into three equal groups. Group IM had i.m. ketamine 1 mg kg(-1) in 2 ml ...

Pre-emptive kidney transplantation is considered the best available renal replacement therapy, but no guidelines exist to direct its timing during CKD progression. We used a national cohort of 19,471 first-time pre-emptive kidney transplant recipients between 1995-2009 to evaluate patterns and implications of transplant timing. Mean estimated GFR (eGFR) at the time of pre-emptive transplant inc...

the european countries' stances towards bush's pre-emptive war were hard. this has been caused by some factors; first, the political european tradition of balance of power in regional and international system is still continuing. second, the pre-emptive war has led to an increase of u.s mobility power in european security field. and at last the pre-emptive war has led to fractions and...

Resource-constrained project scheduling with activity pre-emption assumes that activities are allowed to be interrupted and restarted later in the schedule at no extra cost. In the current paper, we extend this pre-emptive scheduling problem with setup times between activity interruptions and the possibility to fast track pre-emptive subparts of activities. The contribution of the paper is twof...