The genotoxic activities of 47 pesticides were determined using a modified SOS microplate assay in which the induction of beta-galactosidase in E. coli PQ37 was used as a quantitative measure of genotoxic activity. The results were compared with those obtained with anethole, curcumin, and capsaicin, a few examples of naturally occurring compounds present in foods. The assays were conducted with...

The levels of eight PCB congeners (IUPAC 8, 20, 28, 52, 101, 118, 138 and 180) and 13 organochlorine pesticides (a-HCH, b-HCH, Lindane, Heptachlor, Heptachlor epoxide, Aldrin, Dieldrin, Endrin, 2,4'-DDT, 2,4'-DDD, 4,4'-DDT 4,4'-DDD and 4,4'-DDE) were measured in eggs of Mediterranean gulls (Larus melanocephalus) (Lm), avocets (Recurvirostra avosetta) (Ra) and common terns (Sterna hirundo) (Sh) ...

The main objective of the IPCS is to carry out and disseminate evaluations of the effects of chemicals on human health and the quality of the environment. Supporting activities include the development of epidemiological, experimental laboratory, and risk-assessment methods that could produce internationally comparable results, and the development of human resources in the field of chemical safe...

Until the early 70s, it was thought that pollution was a phenomenon circumscribed to zones where pollutants were generated. Because of that, in each country concern was limited to regions where pollutant concentration was higher or its danger was greater. However, it has gradually become aware that pollution is a problem that affects everybody and, because of that, everybody is responsible to c...

The agricultural industry and urban pesticide users are increasingly relying upon pyrethroid insecticides and shifting to more potent members of the class, yet little information is available on residues of these substances in aquatic systems under conditions of actual use. Seventy sediment samples were collected over a 10-county area in the agriculture-dominated Central Valley of California, w...

As part of its mixtures program, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) supports in vitro and limited in vivo toxicity testing to further our understanding of the toxicity and health effects of chemical mixtures. There are increasing concerns that environmental chemicals adversely affect the health of humans and wildlife. These concerns have been augmented by the realizati...

QuEChERS stands for (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) and pronounced as (catchers) is a method that had been developed for multi-pesticide residue analyses in food. This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of QuEChERS method for analyzing the organochlorine pesticides residues in cow's milk. Twenty organochlorine pesticide namely (Benzene, 1,3,5-trichloro, Tetrachloro...

n the forthcoming months many scientific , technical, and political energies will be devoted throughout the world to design specific plans to implement the Stockholm Treaty on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). 1–4 Drawn under the leadership of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)—with significant contributions from non-governmental organisations, trade unions, and private compani...

Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were collected from 13 sites located in the Mobile (MRB), Apalachicola-Flint-Chattahoochee (ARB), Savannah (SRB), and Pee Dee (PRB) River Basins to document spatial trends in accumulative chemical contaminants, health indicators, and reproductive biomarkers. Organochlorine residues, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-lik...

Extensive preparation of samples before chromatographic analysis is usually the most time-consuming process in the determination of many organic compounds in environmental matrices. In the past, removal of some organic8 from aqueous ,mlution was commonly done by liquid/liquid extraction. However, the introduction of stable, covalently bonded reversed-phase sorbents now allows efficient removal ...