As one of the most energetic and brightest events, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can be treated as a promising probe high-redshift universe. Similar to type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), GRBs with same physical origin could standard candles. We select GRB samples origin, which are divided into two groups. One group is consisted 31 plateau phase feature constant luminosity followed by decay index about -2 i...

A dilute gas of particles with short range interactions is considered in a shearing stationary state. A Gaussian thermostat keeps the total kinetic energy constant. For infinitely many particles it is shown that the thermostat becomes a friction force with constant friction coefficient. For finite number of particles N , the fluctuations around this constant are of order 1/ √ N , and distribute...

Levels of dietary carbohydrates and lipids have important effects on the growth, health, glycolipid metabolizing capacity hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂). This experiment evaluated effect carbohydrate to lipid ratios (CHO:L ratio) serum biochemical indices, intestinal morphology activity digestive enzymes, ability metabolize in grouper. Six iso-nitrogenous (500 g...

In this article, the first and second law analysis of diesel engine based cogeneration system was performed. Fuel utilization efficiency, rate of power, and rate of process heat of the plant were determined and various efficiencies based on both energy and exergy methods and the performance assessment parameters are defined for both the system components and the entire cogeneration plant. The o...

The present study evaluated cardioprotective effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Nepeta hindostana (NH), commonly know as badranjbuyeh in Unani medicine, in the experimental model of isoproterenol (ISO) induced- myocardial infarction. Wistar albino rats were divided in to four groups: sham control, ISO control, NH treatment group and ISO with NH treatment groups. NH was administered at doses o...

There are several different “types” of viscosities that one may encounter in fluid dynamics. First, we differentiate between the kinematic and dynamic viscosities, referred to by symbols ν and μ or η. They are related via the density of the medium, with ν = η/ρ. The units of dynamic viscosity are Poise or Pa.s and the dimensions are [ML−1T−1]. Kinematic viscosity has dimensions of [L2T−1] and i...