We report on the properties of a special RF discharge characterized by a trapezoidal shape of the driving voltage pulse. This driving mode offers an advantage in comparison to the common sinusoidal voltage—in allowing the separation in time of effects which are connected with the time derivative of the driving voltage (displacement current, α-mechanism) from effects connected with the amplitude...

Physical processes ranging from the Lamb shift to the energy loss dE/dx of a charged particle traversing a plasma entail two different mechanisms that are important at two different energy or length scales. Here we examine the energy loss example because its analysis is simple. On one hand, it involves soft collisions that are screened by collective effects at large distances while, on the othe...

in this research work, alpha particle detector is made using semi-insulating gaas. a surface barrier detector with a semi-insulating gaas substrate at room temperature with pressure of 10-4 torr under -particle radiation with 5.48 mev of am241 source, have been under investigation. energy resolution of 2 and 3 mm schottky diameter have been matured and compared with the effect of voltage varia...

by considering the fact that the surface tension of a real fluid arises from a combination of both repulsive and attractive forces between molecules, a new expression for the interfacial tension has been derived from scaled particle theory (spt)  based on the work of cavity formation and the interaction energy between molecules. at the critical temperature, the interfacial tension between coexi...

The rainbow is due to extrema of the angular deflection function of light impinging on water drops. Generically, extrema of suitably defined deflection functions lead to rainbows. These include angular and rotational rainbows in surface scattering and more. Here we introduce the concept of an "energy-loss deflection function" for scattering of particles from a periodic surface whose extrema lea...

this research is aimed to undertake a comparative study on stability and thermal degradation kinetics of un-irradiated and high energy protons irradiated polyvinyl butyral (pvb) based on weight loss analysis and non-isothermal approaches. the weight loss by the un-irradiated pvb upon heating was found to be in two stages but due to high energy protons accelerated exposure following by chemical ...

The particle filter (PF) is a novel technique that has sufficiently good estimation results for the nonlinear/non-Gaussian systems. However, PF is inconsistent that caused mainly by loss of particle diversity in resampling step and unknown a priori knowledge of the noise statistics. This paper introduces a new modified particle filter called adaptive unscented particle filter (AUPF) to overcome th...

This paper presents a new Hybrid Particle Swarm optimization with Time Varying Acceleration Coefficients (HPSOTVAC) and Bacteria Foraging Algorithm (BFA) namely (PSOTVAC/BFA) base fuzzy stochastic long term approach for determining optimum location and size of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs). The Monte Carlo simulation method is used to model the uncertainties associated with long-term load...

In this paper, an attempt has been made to introduce a new control strategy including Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) and Diesel engine generator to control the voltage and frequency of autonomous microgrids. The proposed control strategy has multiple advantages over the recent control methods in microgrids. The proposed method applies the primary and secondary frequency control strategy...