this article aims to explain enforcement procedure and conditions in turkey. international private and civil procedure law of turkey and turkish procedure law are the main laws governing the procedure of enforcement of foreign judgments in turkey. in this article, we’ll guide our readers based on the provisions of these laws. it is also important to note that turkey ratified convention on the r...

the right to terminate and dissolution of administrative contracts is used because of two reasons: misconducts of contractors and maintaining the requisite of public interests. in the first, the causes of it have been noted explicitly in the article of 46 of the general terms of contracts. but about the second, it is necessary to note that the article of 48 of the general terms of contracts giv...

ABSTRACTThe current international business transaction activity is not difficult, with the advancement of technology, world provides ample opportunities and for community to make connections between them.. International transactions are private law studies, where in wider each party make, agree execute clauses they make. However, it can be said that order carry out such activities, parties must...

Threats to consumer and social security in the conditions of imbalance interests parties under loan contracts result necessity adjust current legislation. The significant increase litigation between borrowers lenders confirms need find new approaches regulation area question. aim research is analyze most common forms unfair behavior credit microfinance organizations light implementation fundame...

The main motivation of this paper is to study the impact of the composition of creditors on the probability of default and the corresponding default risk premium on sovereign bonds, when there is debtor moral hazard. In the absence of any legal enforcement, relational contracts work only when there are creditors who have a repeated relationship with the borrower. We show that ownership structur...

Trading relations in Vietnam’s emerging private sector are shaped by two market frictions: the difficulty of locating trading partners and the absence of legal enforcement of contracts. Examining relational contracting, we Žnd that a Žrm trusts its customer enough to offer credit when the customer Žnds it hard to locate an alternative supplier. A longer duration of trading relationship is assoc...

Recent discoveries have led scholars to search for behavioral mechanisms that can enforce contracts. Exploiting a pre-existing status hierarchy, we conduct a field experiment to analyze if preferences for social status can ameliorate hidden information problem. We observe that extreme status inequality often triggers trade breakdown although the analysis controls for individual characteristics,...

Contracts are frequently violated due to opportunism, misunderstandings, or external factors in construction projects. However, most previous studies focussed on how prevent contract violations but little research has been conducted responses (i.e. enforcement practices) and the affecting these responses. Drawing Attribution Theory, this study constructs a moderated mediating model of decisions...