l2 research has shown that instruction in l2 pragmatics is necessary. the current study evaluated the impact of explicit instruction on efl learner's awareness and production of three speech acts of request, apology, and complaint. it also probed whether learners’ language proficiency plays any role in incorporating pragmatic instruction into the l2 classroom. iranian undergraduate student...

Using existing data from several locations across the U.S., this study examined the impact of students’ language background on the outcome of achievement tests. The results of the analyses indicated that students’ assessment results might be confounded by their language background variables. English language learners (ELLs) generally perform lower than non-ELL students on reading, science, and ...

This study was designed to explore the relation pattern of cultural intelligence, cultural identity, autonomy, and self-efficacy and second language achievement of Iranian EFL learners. The participants were 247 undergraduate students. Data were collected nationwide, from different parts of Iran; that is, from Kerman, south of Iran; Hamadan, west of Iran; Mashhad, east of Iran; and Gorgon, nort...

in today’s multiculturally interconnected world, cultural understanding is the key to communication and a buffer to communication breakdown. that is, the objectives of language learning cannot be viewed as a mainly linguistic task anymore; they should be directed towards achievement of intercultural communicative competence. therefore, the foreign language teachers should utilize and promote th...

the present study sought to investigate the evidence for cross-linguistic transfer in a partial english immersion and non-immersion educational setting. to this end, a total of 145 first, third and fifth graders in a partial english immersion program and 95 students from the same grade levels in a non-immersion program were chosen. six different english and persian tests were administered: the ...

self-regulatory resource management strategies comprise a featuredcharacteristic of successful language learners. the present study investigated theeffect of two of these strategies including time management and effortregulation on learning english. the participants included two classes of secondgrade middle school students (n=64) who were selected from a school in robatkarim based on convenien...

“The*SIOP*Model**is*a*research9based*and*validated*model*of*sheltered*instruction.* Professional*development*in*the*SIOP*Model*helps*teachers*plan*and*deliver*lessons* that*allow*English*learners*to*acquire*academic*knowledge*as*they*develop*English* language*proficiency.”**(http://www.cal.org/siop/)* * “Based*on*years*of*research,*the*Sheltered*Instruction*Observation*Protocol*(SIOP®)* Model*i...