BACKGROUND Shigellae have become increasingly resistant to the extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC) worldwide and pose a great challenge to anti-infection treatment options. The purpose of this study was to determine the resistance, cephalosporin resistance mechanisms, virulence characteristic and genotype of ESC-resistant Shigella. METHODS From 2008 to 2012, Shigella isolates collected from...

Over the last 30 years, Serratia marcescens has become an important cause of nosocomial infection. There have been many reports concerning the identification, antibiotic susceptibility, pathogenicity, epidemiological investigations and typing of this organism. Accurate identification is important in defining outbreaks. The API 20E system has been used widely, but is not individually satisfactor...

BACKGROUND Klebsiella pneumoniae is among the most frequently recovered etiologic agents from nosocomial infections. This opportunistic pathogen can generate a thick layer of biofilm as one of its important virulence factors, enabling the bacteria to attach to living or abiotic surfaces, which contributes to drug resistance. OBJECTIVES The resistance of biofilm-mediated infections to effectiv...

Klebsiella pneumoniae is not only a major hospital-acquired pathogen but also an important food-borne pathogen that can cause septicaemia, liver abscesses, and diarrhea in humans. The phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of K. pneumoniae in retail foods have not been thoroughly investigated in China. The objective of this study was to characterize K. pneumoniae isolates through biotyping, s...

BACKGROUND This study investigated the protective effect of aplysin on the liver and its influence on inflammation and the gut microbiota in rats with ethanol-induced liver injury. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to an alcohol-containing liquid diet, control liquid diet or treatment with aplysin for 8 weeks. Hepatic and intestinal histopathological analysis was perform...

results our study showed that the sensitivity and specificity of taqman real time pcr was 96% and 95% respectively. these values were 89% and 90, 38% and 100%, 6% and 100% for pcr, culture and microscopy, respectively. conclusions our study showed that sensitivity of taqman real time pcr was higher that pcr, culture and microscopy but specificity of culture and microscopy was more than pcr and ...

background and objectives: this study was carried out with the objective of determining the genomic variability of p. aeruginosa strains isolated from patients suffering from cystic fibrosis or from environmental cultures collected from different locations in the unit they admitted. materials and methods: a total of 57 clinical and environmental p. aeruginosa isolates were genotyped by enteroba...