If X is a compact, locally connected metric space, f : X → X is a homeomorphism, and Q is a closed neighborhood of X, then Z = {p ∈ Q : f(p) ∈ Q for all integers n} is the permanent set for f on Q, and E = {p ∈ Q : there is some positive integer Np such that if n ≥ Np, then f−n(p) ∈ Q} is the entrainment set. In a previous paper, we began a study of the entrainment sets of topological horseshoe...

When people engage in conversation, they adapt the way they speak to the speaking style of their conversational partner in a variety of ways. For example, they may adopt a certain way of describing something based upon the way their conversational partner describes it, or adapt their pitch range or speaking rate to a conversational partner’s. They may even align their turn-taking style or use o...

INTRODUCTION Multiple forms of ventricular tachycardia (VT) after myocardial infarction may result from multiple reentrant circuits that share an isthmus or from separate reentrant circuits. The prevalence of a shared isthmus in patients with multiple hemodynamically tolerated VTs has not been determined. METHODS AND RESULTS Criteria for a shared isthmus consisted of (1) concealed entrainment...

Direct numerical simulation is used to study the effect of entrainment near the inflow nozzle on spatially evolving round jets. Inflow entrainment is obtained by providing a buffer region upstream of the inflow nozzle. Simulations are performed at Reynolds numbers of 300 (laminar) and 2400 (turbulent), respectively. Simulations without the inflow buffer are contrasted to those with the buffer r...

Deposition and re-entrainment of 1.1 microm microspheres were examined in packed glass beads and quartz sand under both favorable and unfavorable conditions for deposition. Experiments were performed at environmentally relevant ionic strengths and flow rates in the absence of solution chemistry and flow perturbations. Numerical simulations of experimental data were performed using kinetic rate ...

The human capacity for music consists of certain core phenomena, including the tendency to entrain, or align movement, to an external auditory pulse [1-3]. This ability, fundamental both for music production and for coordinated dance, has been repeatedly highlighted as uniquely human [4-11]. However, it has recently been hypothesized that entrainment evolved as a by-product of vocal mimicry, ge...

The three cyanobacterial Kai proteins and ATP are capable of generating an autonomous rhythm of KaiC phosphorylation in a test tube. As the period is approximately 24 hours and is stable in a wide temperature range, this rhythm is thought to function as the basic oscillator of the cyanobacterial circadian system. We have examined the rhythm under various temperature cycles and found that it was...

Perceptual phase entrainment improves speech intelligibility by phase-locking the brain's high-excitability and low-excitability phases to relevant or irrelevant events in the speech input. However, it remains unclear whether phase entrainment to speech can be explained by a passive "following" of rhythmic changes in sound amplitude and spectral content or whether entrainment entails an active ...

Photic entrainment of circadian rhythms in mammals is mediated through a direct retinal projection to the core region of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the circadian clock. A proportion of this projection contains the low-affinity p75 neurotrophic receptor (p75NTR). Neonatal monosodium glutamate (MSG) treatment, which dramatically reduces p75NTR immunoreactivity in the SCN has no impact on ...