BACKGROUND The Sustainable Development Goals call for the effective governance of shared natural resources in ways that support inclusive growth, safeguard the integrity of the natural and physical environment, and promote health and well-being for all. For large-scale resource extraction projects -- e.g. in the mining sector -- environmental regulations and in particular environmental impact a...

Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is becoming more prevalent. However, compared to many jurisdictions in developed countries, the Middle East including Iraq, have been relatively late introducing and developing their environmental systems. The Iraqi Protection Improvement of Environment Law 2009 improved EIA procedure established 1997. Nonetheless, current technique has severe drawbacks. pu...

سابقه و هدف: با افزایش بی­رویه جمعیت در شهر‌ها دفع ایمن پسماند یک مشکل اساسی برای این کلان­ شهرها محسوب ‌می‌شود. مسئله دفن محل آن انتهای قرار دارد. ‌معمول‌ترین روش جوامع شهری کشور ایران سایر کشورهای جهان همین ارزیابی اثرات زیست­ محیطی کاهش منفی بسیار مهم است. از رو مطالعه ‌محل زباله ارومیه ریام مورد گرفت.مواد روش‌ها: استفاده به منظور اطلاعاتی صورت میدانی شهرستان جمع‌آوری شد. سپس تاثیر فعالیت‌ها...

Species-distribution models (SDM) are tools with potential to inform environmental-impact studies (EIA). However, they are not always appropriate and may result in improper and expensive mitigation and compensation if their limitations are not understood by decision makers. Here, we examine the use of SDM for frogs that were used in impact assessment using data obtained from the EIA of a hydroe...