Many developing countries have been experiencing the problems of urbanization, particularly regarding carbon emission and polluted air mitigation. Is it possible to simultaneously achieve these two different clean green economic strategies? This study analyzes this paradoxical issue pollution in terms PM2.5 efficiency. To evaluate performance regulatory policies on find out governance factors, ...

This paper analyzes what environmental policy is implemented by governments when there cross-ownership between polluting firms that care about social concerns. We compare the equilibrium outcomes under taxes, tradable emission permits and standards. find concern of corporate responsibility (CSR), which decided endogenously, depends on government. The greatest obtained lowest also affects CSR le...

This paper starts out from the optimistic assumption that the basic policies for environmental economic development are known but uncertainties surround the speed of their adoption. In many developing countries the key obstacle is poor governance: consequently, renewable resources continue to be mined, non-renewable resources are depleted irresponsibly, and reductions in pollution intensity lag...

Concerns have been expressed that in a global market place with mobile capital, national governments will have incentives to set weak environmental policies (“environmental dumping”) to protect the international competitiveness of their domestic firms, that these incentives are particularly strong in industries where plants may be relatively footloose, so that governments are concerned to preve...

BACKGROUND Active transport policies are being developed across Europe designed to have health and environmental benefits. There is little evidence of impact on physical activity of active transport strategies which modify the built environment. Cycling represents one virtually carbon-neutral form of transport that can help to address declining levels of exercise. METHODS A systematic literat...

Assessment tools based on static and linear concepts like traditional cost-benefit analysis can not reasonably be applied for long-term assessments of complex systems. One major reason is that secondary effects of policies caused by endogenous dynamics of the system are not considered. So, for environmental impacts the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is developed that already includes ...

Contents 1. Introduction 2. The impact of international trade on economic welfare 3. The interaction between international trade, the environment and sustainable development: traditional theoretical approaches 3.1. The impact of environmental quality on international trade 3.2. The impact of international trade and international trade policy on the environment and environmental policies 3.3. Im...