BACKGROUND Ephedrine, unlike phenylephrine, has a dose-related propensity to depress fetal pH during spinal anesthesia during cesarean section. A low arterial umbilical cord pH has a strong association with neonatal mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate influences of vasopressor change on Apgar scores and adverse neonatal outcomes in cesarean sectio...

OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this study was to establish the relationship among tricuspid annular velocity (S'), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and stroke volume (SV) in a cardiac surgical population with and without right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. The secondary objective was to assess the effect of ephedrine on these relationships in a population without RV dysf...

The objective was Ephedrine, Mephentermine, and Phenylephrine was compared in the treatment of maternal hypotension following spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean delivery. The Design was Randomized, double-blind trial and Setting in Obstetric suite at a university-affiliated hospital. The Patients were sixty healthy patients electively scheduled for cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia...

propofol is a widely used anesthetic drug because of its minor complication and also its fast effect. one of most popular complication in using this drug is pain during injection that is more sever in new generation of its components (lipid-free microemulsion). other complications of propofol are bradycardia and hypotension. this study compares 3 drugs with placebo in control of these complicat...

Cigarette smokers have an increased risk for coronary artery disease. Nicotine present in cigarettes can adversely affect the cardiovascular system via stimulation of both sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons. Caffeine, another cardiovascular and central nervous system (CNS) stimulant, is commonly found in Ephedra and Ephedra-free dietary supplements. These caffeine-containing supplements al...

Ephedra is an amphetamine-like compound with a potent sympathomimetic effect. Ephedrine, its active component, is widely used for weight loss, to enhance athletic performance or as component of some drugs. Its cardiovascular effects include tachycardia, increased inotropy, arterial vasoconstriction and hypertension, and these are the effects for which it is used therapeutically. However, it can...

Concerned with variations in abuse potential and control status among various isomers of ephedrines and norephedrines, this study was conducted to develop an effective method for the simultaneous analysis of eight ephedrine-related compounds along with structurally similar cathinones. Among various approaches studied, a 60-m HP-5MS (0.25 mm i.d., 0.25 microm film thickness) was successfully use...

Nutritional supplements containing Ephedra sinica (ma-huang), a botanical source of ephedrine-type alkaloids, have been linked to numerous episodes of ephedrine (EPH) toxicity. With passage of the 1994 Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, nutritional supplements are no longer subject to the same FDA preapproval requirements as food additives, prescription, or nonprescription medications...