the epigenetic alterations like histone modifications , dna methylation and others remarkable categories  including nucleosome remodeling and rna mediated targeting have been strongly investigated  recently .in this way , beside the notable importance of dna methylation ,the histone modifications are the most important issues in the  tumorogenesis and cancer progression. moreover, the fluctuati...

in recent years of experience fetal hemoglobin (hbf) induction considers as novel therapeutic approach for β-thalassemia and sickle cell in therapeutic approaches. several pharmacologic agents such as hydroxyurea, azacytidine, butyrate deriviates and immunomodulator drugs like pomalidomide and lnalidomide could able to up-regulate hbf level with different molecular and epigenetic paterns (1-4)....

the success rate of several advanced basic and clinical techniques in the field of mammalian biotechnology, including cloning, pre-implantation genetic diagnosis, and assisted reproductive techniques (art) depends mainly on the success rate of pregnancy following in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (ivfet). the techniques used in art have advanced considerably since the first in vitro fertil...

differentiation of stem cells from a pluripotent to a committed state involves global changes in genome expression patterns, the best known as “epigenetic modifications”. epigenetic mechanisms, including histone modifications, dna methylation and non-coding rna-mediated regulatory events are considered as the essential factors to control the heritable cellular memory of gene expression during d...

Epigenetic alterations, particularly in DNA methylation, are ubiquitous in cancer, yet the molecular origins and the consequences of these alterations are poorly understood. CTCF, a DNA-binding protein that regulates higher-order chromatin organization, is frequently altered by hemizygous deletion or mutation in human cancer. To date, a causal role for CTCF in cancer has not been established. H...

The evolution of ever increasing complex life forms has required innovations at the molecular level in order to overcome existing barriers. For example, evolving processes for cell differentiation, such as epigenetic mechanisms, facilitated the transition to multicellularity. At the same time, studies using gene regulatory network models, and corroborated in single-celled model organisms, have ...

Multiple gene silencing is being required to target and tangle metabolic pathways in eukaryotes and researchers have to develop a subtle method for construction of RNA interference (RNAi) cassettes. Although, several vectors have been developed due to different screening and cloning strategies but still some potential limitations remain to be dissolved. Here, we worked out a simple cloning stra...

A fundamental question in cell and developmental biology concerns how nuclei progressively acquire differentiated functions. Although the nucleus of a fertilized egg is totipotent in that all of the differentiated cell types found in the adult organism can be derived from it, this is not the case for the vast majority of somatic nuclei in the adult animal. This limitation of the genomic potenti...