The auditory evoked neuromagnetic fields elicited by synthesized vowels of two different fundamental frequencies F0 were recorded in six subjects over the left and right temporal cortices using a 37-channel biomagnetometer. Single equivalent current dipole modeling of the fields elicited by all vowel types localized activity to a well-circumscribed area in supratemporal auditory cortex in both ...

| The accuracy of the head model aaects on the solutions of the EEG inverse problems. If a simple three-sphere model and standard conductivity values for brain, skull and scalp regions are used, signifact errors may occur. One of the most sensitive head model parameters is the conductivity of the skull. A realistic three-dimensional nite-element model provides a method to study the eeect of inh...

Myostatin (MSTN), a negative regulator of muscle growth and a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, can bind the two activin type 2 receptors (ACVR2). It has been previously shown that WT mice injected with ACVR2B extracellular domain (ACVR2B-ECD) had higher muscle mass. Likewise, fish larvae immersed in Pichia pastoris culture supernatant, containing goldfish Acvr2b-ECD, show...

1 Problem Give expressions for the potentials of a Hertzian (point) oscillating dipole in various gauges. The form of Maxwell's equations for the fields E and B permit these fields to be related to potentials V and A according to, E = −∇V − 1 c ∂A ∂t , B ∇ × A, (1) in Gaussian units, where c is the speed of light in vacuum, and the potentials obeys the wave equations, ∇ 2 V + 1 c ∂ ∂t ∇ · A = −...

When dsDNA polymers containing identical number of base pairs were electrophoresed through a nanopore in a voltage biased silicon nitride membrane, the measured time integral of blocked ionic current (the event-charge-deficit, ecd, Fologea, D., Gershow, M., Ledden, B., McNabb, D. S. et al.., Nano Lett. 2005, 5, 1905-1909) for each translocation event was the same regardless of whether the molec...

Location of the equivalent cardiac dipole has been estimated but not fully verified in several laboratories. To test the accuracy of such a procedure, injury vectors were produced in 14 isolated, perfused rabbit hearts by epicardial searing. Strongly dipolar excitation fronts were produced in 6 additional hearts by left ventricular pacing. Twenty computer-processed signals, derived from surface...

Allocating electromagnetic auditory responses to active regions in the human auditory cortex can be difficult because of high interindividual variability of the relevant structures. Location and orientation of the primary auditory cortex (Heschl's Gyrus) and the temporal plane vary with individual features such as age, gender, handedness, or between healthy subjects and patients with a psychiat...

The current is not “shielded” from the external electric field, and does not correspond to the current in either a resistive or superconducting wire. The definition (1) was suggested by Daniel Vanzella. See also [1]. The expression (2) is not gauge invariant. However, we will only be concerned with comparison of energies of charges at two different potentials. For additional remarks on eq. (2),...

The effect of surrounding an electrically small dipole antenna with a shell of double negative (DNG) material ( 0 and 0) has been investigated both analytically and numerically. The problem of an infinitesimal electric dipole embedded in a homogeneous DNG medium is treated; its analytical solution shows that this electrically small antenna acts inductively rather than capacitively as it would i...

This paper presents an effective modeling methodology for Ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas. The methodology is based on augmenting an existing narrow-band model with a macro-model while simultaneously perturbing component values of the narrow-band model. The narrow-band model is an empirical-based circuit and the macro-model described by rational functions is determined using data fitting approach...