2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: D1318 Test Method for Sodium in Residual Fuel Oil (Flame Photometric Method) D3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy D3340 Test Method for Lithium and Sodium in Lubricating Greases by Flame Photometer D3605 Test Method for Trace Metals in Gas Turbine Fuels by Atomic Absorption and Flame Emission Spectroscopy D3831 Test...

In this study, extracts and essential oils of Black and Red pepper and Thyme were tested for antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli O157: H7 and Staphylococcus aureus. Black and Red pepper and Thyme were provided from Iranian agricultural researches center. 2 g of each plant powder was added to 10 cc ethanol 96°. After 24 h, the crude extract was separated as an alcoholic extract and c...

Many phenols have carcinogenic activity. The Estonian shale oils contain up to 40 vol % phenols. The promoting activity after initiation of phenols of Estonian shale oils was tested in mice with a single subthreshold dose (0.36 mg) of benzo(a)pyrene. C57Bl and CC57Br mice were used in skin painting experiments. Weak carcinogenic activity was found in the total crude water-soluble phenols recove...

Seven crude oil samples recovered from wells of El Hamd and Bakr oil Fields locates in Egyptian central Gulf of Suez were subjected for Description, bulk composition of Maltene Fraction and hydrocarbons distribution. The Comparison of collected crude oils was achieved using Bulk parameters and Specific parameters, the first ones refer to properties of the whole sample such as API gravity, sulfu...

A pre®iously described molecular-thermodynamic framework, based on colloid theory, is used to correlate experimental asphaltene-precipitation data at high-temperature and pressure conditions. In this framework, asphaltenes and resins are represented by pseudopure components, and all other components in a crude oil are presented by a continuous medium that affects ®an der Waals attractions among...

The physicochemical parameters of oil extracted from the seeds of Ceiva pentandra Linn were determined and compared with those recommended by the international codex standards for edible oils. The seeds were soxhlet extracted using n – hexane to render 24% light yellow crude oil, whose density was 0.91 g/cm. The physicochemical analysis carried out on the crude lipid showed that the oil has the...

The 1973 and 1979 crude oil crisis but also the Gulf War in 1991 deeply marked the international economic scene and the structure of energy markets. The tensions these events created in oil supplies and prices give rise to a more or less interrelated slowing down of economic growth, development of energy savings as well as a widespread movement of substitution among primary sources of energy. C...