Due to the country’s nuclear program, international efforts regarding it and impact of sanctions, economic political consequences termination these “proxy war” actively carries out in region, Iran has been one key focal points relations. Iran's shape its immediate geography through by “proxies” have undergone significant progress, Syrian Civil War most influential battlefields where used this “...

What makes some acts immoral? Although Western theories of morality often define harmful behaviors as centrally immoral, whether this is applicable to other cultures is still under debate. In particular, Confucianism emphasizes civility as fundamental to moral excellence. We describe three studies examining how the word immoral is used by Chinese and Westerners. Layperson-generated examples wer...

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after the iranian mashrooté revolution, the shiite political thought faced a new era of much attention, contemplation and explanation, when religious scholars embarked on a new research project to address the new situation. the most serious attempt to deal with the theoretical gap and crisis in islamic state was contributed by imam khomaini. in his theory of state, he conjoined the shiite princ...

with regard to human cloning or artificial human reproduction – and contrary to the opinions of sunni scholars - shiite thinkers have not held a unified position. after having surveyed a number of shiite fatwas and analyses on the subject, this essay will classify them into four groups. the first group states that we are granted absolute permission to engage in human cloning; while the second g...

İslam düşünce tarihinin kırılma noktalarından birini teşkil eden problemlerden birisi de devlet başkanlığıdır. Müslümanlar, bu konuda yalnızca teorik ihtilafa düşmemiş, fiilî mücadelelere girmişlerdir. Bu anlaşmazlık, etkisini günümüze kadar devam ettirmiş ve Müslümanların hem dini dünyevi görüşlerini şekillendirmiştir. Hz. Muhammed’in rolünü üstlenecek işlerini tanzim edecek adayın kimliği tar...