Based on Chesterman's theory of translation norms, this research analyses the Database of Imported Drugs (DID) of State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA) to explore the expectancy norms in E-C translation of trade names of drugs. It is found that there are four expectancy norms in E-C translations of trade names of drugs: mental expectancy norms, cultural tradition norms, translation traditio...

Researchers seeking to understand teen sexual behaviors often turn to age norms, but they are difficult to measure quantitatively. Previous work has usually inferred norms from behavioral patterns or measured group-level norms at the individual level, ignoring multiple reference groups. Capitalizing on the multilevel design of the Add Health survey, we measure teen pregnancy norms perceived by ...

Societies are regulated by norms and, consequently, autonomous agents that want to be part of them must be able to reason about norms. However, no reasoning can be done if agents lack a model of norms that allows them to know how by complying with norms some of their goals might be affected. In this paper, a general model of norms is proposed. By contrast with current models of norms, our model...

The three monotheistic cultures have many common institutions and some of them germinated in pre-monarchic Israel. Reasonably, the essential institutions were in place at that starting point; this work explores the possibility that the Sabbath is one of these institutions. Our mathematical examination points to the potential cultural, civic, and social role of the weekly Sabbath, that is, the S...

As models of shared expectations, social norms play an essential role in our societies. Since our social environment is changing constantly, our internal models of it also need to change. In humans, there is mounting evidence that neural structures such as the insula and the ventral striatum are involved in detecting norm violation and updating internal models. However, because of methodologica...

This paper analyses normative change in electricity supply in order to understand the challenges associated with the introduction of a non-negotiable environmental norm, a change necessary to ensure long-term environmental sustainability of the supply system. The analysis combines the work of Wolfgang Streeck together with that of ecological modernisation to trace the fate of an environmental n...

The activities of the life sciences are essential to provide solutions for the future, for both individuals and society. Society has demanded growing accountability from the scientific community as implications of life science research rise in influence and there are concerns about the credibility, integrity and motives of science. While the scientific community has responded to concerns about ...