نتایج جستجو برای: excess lifetime cancer risk
تعداد نتایج: 1843392 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Caramel color is added to many widely-consumed beverages as a colorant. Consumers of these beverages can be exposed to 4-methylimidazole (4-MEI), a potential carcinogen formed during its manufacture. California's Proposition 65 law requires that beverages containing 4-MEI concentrations corresponding to exposures that pose excess cancer risks > 1 case per 100,000 exposed persons (29 μg 4-MEI/da...
Introduction: The present study investigated the relatively high concentrations of natural radionuclides in raw material that used in ceramic manufacturing, and estimated the occupational exposure due to these activity concentrations. Material and Methods: A high-purity Germanium detector was used to determine naturally occurring radionuclide...
Background and purpose: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women all over the world. The death rate of this cancer is also increasing. It seems that medication is related to this cancer. The present study aimed at estimating the risk of this cancer using Gail Model and its relationship with medication in women. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 260 35-year-o...
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review is to evaluate the impact of recent epidemiologic literature on the National Research Council (NRC) assessment of the lung and bladder cancer risks from ingesting low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) of arsenic-contaminated water. DATA SOURCES, EXTRACTION, AND SYNTHESIS PubMed was searched for epidemiologic studies pertinent to the lung and bladder cancer risk ...
OBJECTIVES To explore associated biological outcomes and clarify the role of timing of exposure in the alcohol-breast cancer relationship. METHODS In a population-based study of 4,575 women ages 35 to 64 years diagnosed with invasive breast cancer between 1994 and 1998 and 4,682 controls, we collected details of lifetime alcohol use and factors that could confound or modify the alcohol-breast...
African-American women have a higher lifetime risk of fatal breast cancer than do White women. Recent studies suggest that breast cancer risk factors may vary by race. The authors examined risk factors for fatal breast cancer in postmenopausal African-American women and White women in a large US prospective cohort. In 1982, 21,143 African-American women and 409,093 White women in the Cancer Pre...
Background: Attempts for early detection of gastric cancer have recently focused on host's genetic susceptibility factors and gene-environment interactions. We have, herein, studied the association of MTHFR C677T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and its interaction with Helicobacter pylori infection, smoking, age and gender on the risk of gastric cancer among an Iranian population. Methods:...
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between smoking and risk of invasive breast cancer using quantitative measures of lifetime passive and active smoking exposure among postmenopausal women. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING 40 clinical centres in the United States. PARTICIPANTS 79,990 women aged 50-79 enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study during 1993-8. ...
OBJECTIVE Genetic testing for gene mutations associated with specific cancers provides an opportunity for early detection, surveillance, and intervention (Smith, Cokkinides, & Brawley, 2008). Lifetime risk estimates provided by genetic testing refer to the risk of developing a specific disease within one's lifetime, and evidence suggests that this is important for the medical choices people mak...
BACKGROUND Dicamba is an herbicide commonly applied to crops in the United States and abroad. We evaluated cancer incidence among pesticide applicators exposed to dicamba in the Agricultural Health Study, a prospective cohort of licensed pesticide applicators in North Carolina and Iowa. METHODS Detailed pesticide exposure information was obtained through a self-administered questionnaire comp...
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