UNLABELLED STUDY SETTINGS AND INTERVENTIONS: Sixty individuals complaining of dyspnea on exertion, but with normal spirometry and lung volumes and normal chest roentgenograms were reviewed for this study. These individuals were selected from a large group of outpatients (552 individuals over a seven-year period) who were referred to our laboratory for exercise testing to determine the cause of ...

Exertional heatstroke (EHS) is a life-threatening disease characterized clinically by central nervous system dysfunction and severe hyperthermia. It frequently occurs among athletes, soldiers, and laborers. While cardiopulmonary symptoms are common in patients undergoing EHS, irreversible acute liver failure is a rarely described phenomenon. When managing cases of EHS complicated by acute liver...

Dyspnoea is typically the main symptom limiting exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [1–3]. Exertional dyspnoea has been linked to dynamic hyperinflation (DH), when lung expansion critically encroaches upon the inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) [4]. Consequently, patients develop a rapid and shallow breathing pattern, which is energetically opposite to ...

OBJECTIVE To assess the cost of walking in individuals with multiple sclerosis and to investigate its relationship with dyspnoea and fatigue. METHODS In 46 individuals with multiple sclerosis and in 36 healthy controls, the cost of walking was measured during the 6-min walk test. Perceived breathlessness after walking was rated on a visual analogue scale and corrected for the distance walked....

An unusual case of an exertional heatstroke in a healthy 25-year-old man is presented. Initially, the patient was deeply comatose and developed severe rhabdomyolysis and massive hepatic necrosis. Subsequently, he received a liver transplant with remarkable improvement in his mental status, although the rhabdomyolysis continued. The patient died 41 days after the transplant due to a complicating...

Ms DG, aged 72 years, presents with a four-week history of progressive exertional dyspnoea, particularly with inclines, as well as fatigue and mild peripheral oedema. She has a past history of hypertension. She is obese (body mass index, 32 kg/m2), her blood pressure is 160/90 mmHg and she has no significant cardiorespiratory abnormalities. Blood tests reveal a normal haemoglobin level and mild...

We report a case of isolated unilateral absence of the pulmonary artery, a rare congenital anomaly, in a woman with exertional dyspnoea. The chest radiograph appearances of this anomaly are often mistaken for other conditions, such as Swyer-James-MacLeod’s syndrome or thromboembolic disease. The interpretation of chest radiograph findings in order to differentiate isolated unilateral absence of...

STUDY OBJECTIVES To compare the peak exercise response and determine the limits of agreement between the ramp and the 1-min step cycle protocols in a representative population of patients with exertional breathlessness attending a respiratory outpatient clinic. DESIGN Crossover with the test order double blinded and randomized. SETTING Outpatient exercise physiology laboratory. PATIENTS T...

During exercise, dynamic hyperinflation-induced intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPi) and decreased dynamic lung compliance (CL,dyn) of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) increase the elastic work of inspiration (Wi) more than would be predicted from the increase in tidal volume (VT). This contributes significantly to their exertional breathlessness. In 10 s...

The average pulmonary blood volume in normal persons was 211 ml./m.2, in patients with mitral regurgitation 266 mnl./m2, and in those with mitral stenosis 419 ml./m.2 In patients with mitral stenosis the pulmonary blood volume could be related to pulmonary symptoms like exertional dyspnoea, haemoptysis, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea. Pulmonary blood volume could also be related directly to ...