While digital technology extinguished the obligatory use of the photographic film as well as the time consuming chemical photograph development techniques, the number of taken photographs has rapidly increased. As the computer harddisks as well as the photography websites substituted the photo albums, finding photographs from digital archives became difficult. Conventional image retrieval syste...

Information Infrastructures for managing and providing environmental resources are requested by numerous initiatives on regional, national, and international scales. While much research focuses on the discovery and consumption of provided content, environmental data and model provision is hardly addressed. Each time an expert creates new information or develops a novel scientific algorithm it i...

In this paper we discuss the notions of experts and expertise in resource discovery in the context of collaborative tagging systems. We propose that the level of expertise of a user with respect to a particular topic is mainly determined by two factors. Firstly, an expert should possess a high quality collection of resources, while the quality of a Web resource in turn depends on the expertise ...

We attempt to extract characteristic expressions from literary works. That is, our problem is, given literary works by a particular writer as positive examples and works by another writer as negative examples, to find expressions that appear frequently in the positive examples but do not so in the negative examples. It is considered as a special case of the optimal pattern discovery from textua...

Correctness, transparency and effectiveness are the principal attributes of knowledge derived from databases using data mining. In the current data mining research there is a focus on efficiency improvement of algorithms for knowledge discovery. However, improving the algorithms is often not sufficient. The limitations of data mining can only be dissolved by the integration of knowledge of expe...

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is one of the technologies under extensive discussion in recent years, and most noteworthy of all are Web Services. Web Services utilize core technologies, such as Extensible Markup Language (XML), Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), Web Services Description Language (WSDL) and Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration (UDDI), to construct an easy c...

The fallibility of forensic science consultation is an ongoing and major justice concern. Prospective peer-reviewed forensic consultation has over 10 years of application in American criminal and civil courts, adapting from the traditional oversight of teaching hospitals, rules of evidence and discovery, conventions of testimony of expert witnesses, and attorneys' overall trial strategy. In sys...

Predicting the risk of toxic and environmental effects of chemical compounds is of great importance to all chemical industries [1]. Expert systems have shown success in predicting toxic risk by applying established knowledge of toxicology encoded as a knowledge base of structural alerts and a reasoning model. A disadvantage of expert systems is that developing new structural alerts requires con...

This paper proposes to apply Chance Discovery methods to software requirements elicitation. The author’s previous studies indicated that requirements definition work of custom-made type application software had been running through the whole software development process. This trend has been seen among small-scale software development projects, especially for web application system and client/se...

Innovative biomedical librarians and information specialists who want to expand their roles as expert searchers need to know about profound changes in biology and parallel trends in text mining. In recent years, conceptual biology has emerged as a complement to empirical biology. This is partly in response to the availability of massive digital resources such as the network of databases for mol...