Most verification tools and methodologies such as model checking, equivalence checking, hardware verification, software verification, and hardware-software coverification often flatten out the behavior of a target system before verification. Inherent modularities, either explicit or implicit, functional or structural, are not exploited by these tools and algorithms. In this work, we show how as...

Abstract. Over the past decades, range managers have devoted extensive efforts to conserve and restore rangelands and sustain their exploitation but these efforts are more focused on the classic sciences and the exploiters' knowledge and experience have been neglected in the process. Therefore, current study was done to deal with the prioritizing and comparing factors affecting rangeland exploi...

We present an approach to the reasoning needed to handle a class of metaphorical utterances, and a computer program (ATT-Meta) implementing that approach. The approach emanates from artificial intelligence research but is offered also for consideration by cognitive scientists generally. The class includes utterances that exploit familiar conceptual metaphors by going beyond the between-domain m...

In a biogeographical context, the term Macaronesia broadly embraces the North Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores, Madeira, Selvagens, the Canary Islands, and Cape Verde. The peculiar arid climatic conditions in some of these places have led to the development of marine salt exploitations, which can be counted among the hypersaline habitats of the brine shrimp Artemia (Branchiopoda, Anostraca)....

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To gain a better understanding of T cell behavior after stroke, we have developed real-time in vivo brain imaging of T cells by multiphoton microscopy after middle cerebral artery occlusion. METHODS Adult male hCD2-GFP transgenic mice that exhibit green fluorescent protein-labeled T cells underwent permanent left distal middle cerebral artery occlusion by electrocoagula...

Ecuador is a small country located on the northwest comer of the South American continent. Intertwined within its boundaries abounds a wondrous array of diversity. Thee diverse regions encompass the geography of the land: the Costa, the Sierra, and the Oriente. The Costa region borders the Pacific Ocean and consists of lowlands, mountains, and rolling hills dividing the river valleys. The Sierr...

In this study (N = 263) we provide a basic test of a niche-specialization hypothesis of the Dark Triad (i.e., narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism). We propose that in order to best enact a ‘‘cheater strategy’’ those high on the Dark Triad traits should have optimal cognitive performance and, thus, have a night-time chronotype. Such a disposition will take advantage of the low light, t...