The steady boundary layer flow of nanofluid over an exponential stretching surface is investigated analytically. The transport equations include the effects of Brownian motion parameter and thermophoresis parameter. The highly nonlinear coupled partial differential equations are simplified with the help of suitable similarity transformations. The reduced equations are then solved analytically w...

performance of the methods [3]. There is a place for different approaches to reflect the diversity of data and hypotheses being addressed, but it is important that supertree workers justify their choice of method. MRP remains popular largely because of its convenience (as standard phylogenetic software is used to analyse the transformed data), but relying exclusively upon MRP is increasingly di...

The purpose of these notes is to describe how one can compute the matrix exponential e when A is not diagonalisable. This is done in Teschl by transforming A into Jordan normal form. As we will see here, it is not necessary to go this far. It su ces to transform A into block form, where each block only has one eigenvalue (up to multiplicity). For completeness we also present a proof of the Jord...

That such theorems, when applied to the space X of bounded functions on a set S, have measure-theoretic significance was noted in [3]. Let 77 be a semi-group of 1-1 transformations of S into S. To each a EH we correspond the transformation T, of X into itself where T„(f) is the function f(a(s)), sES,fEX. These transformations form a semi-group G each element of which has norm one. Furthermore G...

A Haemophilus influenzae strain carrying a competence-enhancing mutation (sxy-1) was selected by transformation of a mutagenized culture in exponential growth at low cell density, where spontaneous competence is very rare. Under these conditions, sxy-1 cells spontaneously transformed 100 to 1,000 times more efficiently than wild-type cells. Moreover, sxy-1 cells responded to all known competenc...

Increasingly, computational approaches are having a central role across many areas of research tackling the challenges of understanding the complexity of biological systems. A resource such as BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) (1), which was published in this journal in 1990, has transformed sequence searching because of its speed and power in detect distant but biologically significant...

Whether there are universal laws or principles in complex systems is a fascinating and important question. Prof. John Casti uses the case of Normal Distribution (\bell curves") to illustrate that such universal principle is perhaps out there waiting to be discovered [1]. He suggests Zipf's law as a candidate for such universal principle. But as the author of one of the three publications to pro...

A gene-expression microarray datum is modeled as an exponential expression signal (log-normal distribution) and additive noise. Variance-stabilizing transformation based on this model is useful for improving the uniformity of variance, which is often assumed for conventional statistical analysis methods. However, the existing method of estimating transformation parameters may not be perfect bec...

One dimensional exponential families on finite sample spaces are studied using the geometry of the simplex ∆n−1 and that of a transformation Vn−1 of its interior. This transformation is the natural parameter space associated with the family of multinomial distributions. The space Vn−1 is partitioned into cones that are used to find one dimensional families with desirable properties for modeling...

We consider a case study of a leader election protocol and verify it using the tool Augur, which is based on unfolding techniques for graph transformation systems. We first investigate a finite-state variant of the leader election protocol and show how to verify it using McMillanstyle unfoldings, avoiding an exponential explosion of the state space. Then, in a next step, we consider a parametri...