The development of the T&C sector in many countries has been influenced by trade policy and the response of companies to operate efficiently and economically under these policy rules. Government policies have been playing a major role in shaping the location of apparel export activities. The most important tools that governments have been using to shape commodity chains in the apparel industry ...

In addition, it seems clear that different national governments have pursued different policies toward the preferred level of the real exchange rate. Some countries appear committed to keeping the real value of their currencies Acompetitive@, that is relatively weak (depreciated). Others seem not to be particularly concerned about the impact of their exchange rates on export or import competiti...

This study examines the effects of trade liberalization on the extensive and intensive margins of import and export in developing countries. The study use the duties and the trade liberalization dummy variable (the year which countries have significant reforms in trade policies) to represent trade liberalization. As a result, the study found that the trade liberalization has a significant impac...

This paper investigates various aspects of the links between exporting and productivity for a large sample of firms in the United Kingdom. We find evidence to support the proposition that sunk costs are important. Self selection takes place, with larger and more productive firms entering export markets, and firms have to become more productive in order to enter. Industry characteristics also af...

Common Criteria certification of SELinux at Evaluation Assurance Level 4 against the Labeled Security Protection Profile(LSPP)[1] and Role-Based Access Control Protection Profile(RBACPP)[2] is intended to advance its acceptance and deployment in the federal sector. SELinux already provides a flexible security policy infrastructure upon which systems that conform to hierarchical Multi-level Secu...

During the process of economic development, different economic policies are adopted in accordance with particular circumstances. Therefore, conventional methods of time-series analysis may give misleading results if the problems associated with regime switches are not considered. The relationship between export growth and output growth is explored using a multivariate threshold model with regim...

The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expresse...

a social accounting matrix (sam) was used as an analytical model to investigate the mutua/effects of export expansion in agriculture and manufacturing sectors as well as the social and economic impacts of this policy on the iranian economy. the effects of the above policies were analyzed within several scenarios including a 25 percent increase in exports of agriculture and manufacturing product...

â â â  â â â â â â  â  abstract â  based on the recent literature of heterogeneous firms, productive firms self select themselves into foreign markets. in this framework, there is a productivity rise prior to exporting. on the other words, different export performance across firms is linked to their heterogeneity. â  the main purpose of the present paper is to examine the so-called hypothesis o...