In biological wastewater treatment (WWT), microorganisms live and grow held together by a slime matrix comprised of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), forming three-dimensional microbial structure aggregates (flocs or granules) chemical binding forces. Furthermore, microscopic observations showed that cells within the flocs were cross linked with EPS, network polymers pores channels. The...

Anthropogenic hyperalkaline sites provide an environment that is analogous to proposed cementitious geological disposal facilities (GDF) for radioactive waste. Under anoxic, alkaline conditions cellulosic wastes will hydrolyze to a range of cellulose degradation products (CDP) dominated by isosaccharinic acids (ISA). In order to investigate the potential for microbial activity in a cementitious...

Most cyanobacteria produce extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that fulfill different biological roles depending on the strain/environmental conditions. The interest in cyanobacterial EPS synthesis/export pathways has been increasing, not only to optimize production but also efficiently redirect carbon flux toward of other compounds, allowing implementation industrial systems based cell fa...

Biofilms are ubiquitous in nature, forming diverse adherent microbial communities that perform a plethora of functions. Here we operated two laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactors enriched with Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis (Accumulibacter) performing enhanced biological phosphorus removal. Reactors formed two distinct biofilms, one floccular biofilm, consisting of small, loose, micr...

This study investigated the bioreactor performance, production of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), and microbial activity a granulated sequencing batch reactor (SBR) by increasing graphene oxide nanoparticle (GO NP) concentration stepwise. The GO NPs reduced removal chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia, phosphorus, whereas nitrite nitrate contents effluent were kept stable during exper...

16 Introduction 17 Materials and Methods 19 Results 22 Discussion 27 Acknowledgements 32 Annexure 1 33 3 Seasonal fluctuations of epilithic diatoms and extracellular polymeric substances from the littoral zone of Lake Constance 40 Abstract 4

Special stains are used to visualize various tissue elements and entities.They provide valuable information in the evaluation of disease conditions.The principle on which they work is interaction intracellular extracellular chemical reactions between components dyes.They allow target substance be identified basis their biological character thus help diagnostic research.

Herb-partitioned moxibustion can effectively mitigate visceral pain, a major symptom in inflammatory bowel disease, but the analgesic mechanism is still unclear. Moreover, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, substance P, and neurokinin-1 are involved in formation of central hyperalgesia. Thus, we postulated that the analgesic effect of herb-partitioned moxibustion may be associated with thes...