A decade of site testing at the South Pole has shown that the Antarctic Plateau can offer enormous opportunities for astronomers. The combination of extreme cold and dryness, high altitude and very low wind speeds throughout the troposphere confers powerful advantages—especially for infrared and sub-millimetre astronomy. However, Dome C is higher, drier and colder than South Pole, and has signi...

Humans living at high altitude (≥ 2,500 meters above sea level) have acquired unique abilities to survive the associated extreme environmental conditions, including hypoxia, cold temperature, limited food availability and high levels of free radicals and oxidants. Long-term inhabitants of the most elevated regions of the world have undergone extensive physiological and/or genetic changes, parti...

For nearly half a century, athletes have used “altitude training” to enhance sea level performance. Both altitude acclimatization and hypoxic exercise have been proposed as mediating this enhancement. However, hypoxic exercise impairs training quality (18, 19) and, in the absence of acclimatization, does not augment performance (30). The “living high-training low” model was therefore developed ...

For nearly half a century, athletes have used “altitude training” to enhance sea level performance. Both altitude acclimatization and hypoxic exercise have been proposed as mediating this enhancement. However, hypoxic exercise impairs training quality (18, 19) and, in the absence of acclimatization, does not augment performance (30). The “living high-training low” model was therefore developed ...

For nearly half a century, athletes have used “altitude training” to enhance sea level performance. Both altitude acclimatization and hypoxic exercise have been proposed as mediating this enhancement. However, hypoxic exercise impairs training quality (18, 19) and, in the absence of acclimatization, does not augment performance (30). The “living high-training low” model was therefore developed ...