T HE UTERUS is comprised of a fundus, body, and cervix. Anteflexion is the most common configuration for the uterus where the uterine body and cervix are situated anteriorly in relation to the vagina. Retroflexion and retroversion are common variants where this relationship is reversed. The uterus is enveloped by visceral peritoneum, which extends more inferiorly on the posterior aspect of this...

BACKGROUND The current research to the best of my knowledge is the first to compare the pregnancy outcome between ultrasound-guided tubal recanalization (UGTR) using a special fallopian tubal catheter, and office-based micrhysteroscopic ostial dilatation (MHOD) using the same tubal catherter in infertile women with previously diagnosed bilateral proximal tubal obstruction (PTO). MATERIALS AND...

OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to examine the role of hysterosalpingocontrast sonography (HyCoSy) as a screening test for endometrial and tubal pathology at the start of the infertility investigation protocol. METHODS HyCoSy was compared with X-ray hysterosalpingography (HSG) for the assessment of the endometrial cavity and Fallopian tube patency. A total of 103 women with a hist...

Different segments of the reproductive tract of 100 adult, non-pregnant, female African giant rats (AGR) were carefully examined, weighed, and measured. The ovaries were observed to be small, pinkish, and kidney-shaped. The uterus of the AGR was found to be uterus duplex. The live weight of the AGR was 999.7 ± 16.86 g. The weight, length, and width of the ovary were 0.095 ± 0.003 g, 0.750 ± 0.0...

Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) is the cornerstone of ovarian cancer prevention in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. Occult fallopian tube and ovarian cancers have been reported in a small percentage of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers undergoing RRSO. Here, we review our single-institution experience with RRSO in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers to characterize cases of microscopic cancers in these pati...

The eggs of amniotes exhibit a remarkable variety of shapes, from spherical to elongate and from symmetrical to asymmetrical. We examine eggshell geometry in a diverse sample of fossil and living amniotes using geometric morphometrics and linear measurements. Our goal is to quantify patterns of morphospace occupation and shape variation in the eggs of recent through to Mesozoic birds (neornithe...

Calculating an accurate diameter of arbitrary vessel-like shapes from 2D images is great use in various applications within medical and biomedical fields. Understanding the changes morphological dimensioning biological vessels provides a better understanding their properties functionality. Estimating tubes very challenging as dimensions change continuously along its length. This paper describes...