In th i s paper we discuss the problem of f inding edge-disjoint pa th s in a p lanar , und i rec ted g raph such t h a t each p a t h connec ts two specified vert ices on the b o u n d a r y of the g raph . We will focus on t he "classical" case where an ins tance addi t ional ly fulfills t he so-called evenness-condition. T h e fas tes t a lgor i thm for this p rob lem known from the l i te r...

Cross education is the process whereby training of one limb gives rise to increases in the subsequent performance of its opposite counterpart. The execution of many unilateral tasks is associated with increased excitability of corticospinal projections from primary motor cortex (M1) to the opposite limb. It has been proposed that these effects are causally related. Our aim was to establish whet...

Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of biofeedback on control of nasalization in individuals with typical speech. Method Forty-eight individuals with typical speech attempted to increase and decrease vowel nasalization. During training, stimuli consisted of consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) tokens with the center vowels /a/ or /i/ in either a nasal or nonnasal phonemi...

Male suicide rates in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine and the Baltic countries increased substantially in the early 1990s and are now the highest in the world. To what extent is this suicide epidemic explained by the macroeconomic instability experienced by these countries in that period? Fixed e!ects regressions across 22 transition economies indicate that male suicide rates are highly sensitive to t...

The number of collisions and fatalities at rail-highway intersections in the United States has declined significantly over the past thirty years, despite considerable increases in the volume of rail and highway traffic. This paper disaggregates the improvement into its constituent causes. Negative binomial regressions are conducted on a pooled data set for 49 states from 1975 to 2001. The analy...

(expressed by the percentage of supragranular projecting neurons – SLN%) characterizes cortical pathways as feedforward (FF) or feedback (FB) and determines the hierarchical ranking of cortical areas. There is evidence of a developmental reduction in SLN% of pathways to area V1. Here, by analyzing preand postnatal projections to area V4, we have been able to address whether developmental reduct...