The placenta is a complex fetal organ that fulfills pleiotropic roles during fetal growth. It separates the maternal and fetal circulation, with which it is in contact through different surfaces i.e. the syncytiotrophoblast exposes the placenta to the maternal circulation and the endothelium is in contact with fetal blood. During pregnancy, obese women are at increased risk of metabolic syndrom...

Background: Involvement of the ocular system in pregnancy is a common finding females having PIH (pregnancy-induced hypertension). Aim: To judge association between pregnancy-induced hypertension changes fundus and fetal outcomes. Methods: In 306 pregnant with confirmed diagnosis hypertension, were assessed along The outcomes included neonatal death, stillbirth, 1-minute Apgar scores, birth wei...

BACKGROUND Hypertensive disorders are the most common in pregnancy. Several studies showed a positive correlation between elevated maternal serum uric acid (UA), serum creatinine and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, but only a few studies are available on serum cystatin C and maternal and fetal outcomes. The present study was undertaken to study the association of serum UA, creatinine and c...

OBJECTIVE This guideline provides new recommendations pertaining to the application and documentation of fetal surveillance in the antepartum and intrapartum period that will decrease the incidence of birth asphyxia while maintaining the lowest possible rate of obstetrical intervention. Pregnancies with and without risk factors for adverse perinatal outcomes are considered. This guideline prese...

BACKGROUND Normal amniotic fluid predicts normal placental function, fetal growth and fetal well-being. OBJECTIVE To determine adverse pregnancy outcomes in borderline amniotic fluid index (AFI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Pregnant women (37-40 wks) with diagnosis of borderline AFI between December 2012 and August 2014 were identified. Antepartum, intrapartum and neonatal data were collected and...