Bile acid (BA) biosynthesis is tightly controlled by intrahepatic negative feedback signaling elicited by BA binding to farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and also by enterohepatic communication involving ileal BA reabsorption and FGF15/19 secretion. However, how these pathways are coordinated is poorly understood. We show here that nonreceptor tyrosine phosphatase Shp2 is a critical player that couple...

Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental hazardous heavy metal that causes renal dysfunction triggered by its toxicity to proximal tubular cells. Our previous study demonstrated Cd changed the activities of various transcription factors (TFs) in mouse kidney. In this study, we investigated whether long-term exposure affected expression levels downstream genes these TFs. C57BL/6J female mice were fed ch...

Several studies on the role of HCA species in regulating glucose homeostasis have indicated their therapeutic value human obesity and diabetes. There is a clear difference percentage hyocholic acid (HCA) its derivatives (also known as species) total bile (BA) pool plasma between humans, rats pigs. However, gut microbiota BA profiles pigs remains unclear. We generated five germ-free pig models s...

The human FGF receptors (FGFRs) play critical roles in various human cancers, and several FGFR inhibitors are currently under clinical investigation. Resistance usually results from selection for mutant kinases that are impervious to the action of the drug or from up-regulation of compensatory signaling pathways. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that resistance to FGFR inhibitors can be ac...