A 53-year-old patient presented with acute headache. CT and intra/extracranial CT angiography were normal. A traumatic lumbar puncture showed 8,500 erythrocytes/mm and 24 leukocytes/mm. MRI showed extensive sulcal fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) hyperintensities suggesting subarachnoid hemorrhage (figure). However, since T2*-weighted sequences were normal and the patient was wearing...

Neurocutaneous melanosis (NCM) is a rare neuroectodermal dysplasia characterized by large or multiple cutaneous congenital pigmented nevi and benign or malignant melanocytic tumors of the leptomeninges. Although the MR manifestations of this disease have been reported in a small series of cases, the usefulness of fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MR findings has not been documented. W...

Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging of hepatic hemangiomas (10 patients, 16 lesions) and hepatic cysts (8 patients, 10 lesions) was performed. All hemangiomas were hypointense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. With Gd-DTPA (0.1 mmol/kg), all hemangiomas were enhanced but not all cysts. It was necessary to perform contrast enhanced imaging to different...

References 1. Boada et al. Curr Top Dev Biol 2005;70:77-101. 2. Nagel et al. MRM. doi:10.1002/mrm.22157 (2009) 3. Stobbe and Beaulieu. MRM 2005;54(5):1305-1310 Fig. 1. Images of a glioblastoma patient. a) contrast-enhanced T1-MPRAGE b) T2-FLAIR c) Na-DA-3DPR-conc. d) Na-FLAIR (TE/TR = 0.75/124 ms; TI = 34 ms; resolution: (5 mm); Hamming-filtering; TAQ = 10 min 20 s). One part of the lesion is s...

A 6-year-old boy suffered acute profound right side deafness after his classmates had mumps. Although his salivary glands were not swollen, he had high levels of anti-mumps IgM and IgG antibodies. The three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (3D-FLAIR) procedure applied to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed high signals in the right cochlea and vestibule. This indicated hemorr...

Signaling proteins are thought to be tightly regulated spatially and temporally in order to generate specific and localized effects. For Rac and other small guanosine triphosphatases, binding to guanosine triphosphate leads to interaction with downstream targets and regulates subcellular localization. A method called FLAIR (fluorescence activation indicator for Rho proteins) was developed to qu...