Silymarin prevents liver disease in many experimental rodent models, and is the most popular botanical medicine consumed by patients with hepatitis C. Silibinin is a major component of silymarin, consisting of the flavonolignans silybin A and silybin B, which are insoluble in aqueous solution. A chemically modified and soluble version of silibinin, SIL, has been shown to potently reduce hepatit...

damage the liver. Drug-induced liver injury is the most frequent cause of acute liver failure. Dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) is a potent hepatotoxin, carcinogen and mutagen. A high dose of DMN is administrated by one injection to the experimental animal, which causes submassive necrosis that resembles human fulminant hepatitis. Therefore this compound has been widely used as a model agent to study ...

background and objectives: the seed extract of silybum marianum contains seven flavonolignans known collectively as silymarin. these metabolites can be produced in hairy root cultures of s. marianum. the effect of different physical factors can change root biomass and silymarin production which has been investigated in the present study. methods: the effect of different physical factors of temp...

Seeds of Silybum marianum which have been used to treat liver diseases have an active component called silymarin. Hairy root cultures of S. marianum could be able to produce silymarin. There is evidence that the use of elicitors has been an important strategy for improving the production of secondary metabolites. Elicitation is an interesting topic to investigate cell signaling pathway in secon...

Plant-derived polyphenols are increasingly receiving attention as dietary supplements for the homeostatic management of inflammation, to support detoxication, and for anticancer, weight loss, and other benefits. Their pro-homeostatic effects on genes, transcription factors, enzymes, and cell signaling pathways are being intensively explored, but the poor bioavailability of some polyphenols like...

Many aldehydes are important components of natural flavours. They are used in food, cosmetic, and biomedical industries in large amounts. Plant cells or microorganisms carry out their production by biotransformation, which is one of the biotechnological methods that allow them to be defined as 'natural'. Cell cultures of Silybum marianum and Peganum harmala have been studied with a view to in...

Objective: Silymarin is a herbal extract containing flavonolignans, and it has inhibitory effects against the growth of different cancer cell lines by inducing apoptosis. Toll-like receptors are suggested as a novel and attractive target to treat cancer. The current study aimed at examining the mechanism of silymarin-induced apoptosis in Ramos cells and investigating its effect...

many aldehydes are important components of natural flavours. they are used in food, cosmetic, and biomedical industries in large amounts. plant cells or microorganisms carry out their production by biotransformation, which is one of the biotechnological methods that allow them to be defined as 'natural'. cell cultures of silybum marianum and peganum harmala have been studied with a vi...

ceramide as a second messenger is a key regulator in apoptosis and cytotoxicity. ceramide-metabolizing enzymes are ideal target in cancer chemo-preventive studies. neutral sphingomyelinase (nsmase), acid ceramidase (acdase) and glucosyl ceramide synthase (gcs) are the main enzymes in ceramide metabolism. silymarin flavonolignans are potent apoptosis inducers and silibinin is the most active com...

The Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. is the dicotyledonous herbs of the Asteraceae family that is important in medical industry. The biological active compound of S. marianum is a mixture of several flavonolignals generally known as silymarin. The purpose of this study was to optimize S. marianum tissue culture for callus induction, silymarin production and comparison of some biochemical traits be...