Sediment flushing of reservoirs is an operational technique, whereby previously accumulated sediments in the reservoirs are hydraulically removed by accelerated flow when the bottom desiltingoutlets of the dam are opened. In this research, the process of sediment flushing is simulated by a three dimensional numerical model in which sediment and flow interaction are reflected in the reservoirs. ...

Regional Trade Agreements such as ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) are expected to increase the trade flows among member countries through trade creation and trade diversion. This paper employs the gravity model using manufacturing trade data to analyse this hypothesised effect in a time-varying context. The estimation results suggest that AFTA has expanded the trade substantially. The trade creati...

While the gravity model has been one of the most successful applications in empirical trade, various attempts are still made to improve its regression results. One of the recent developments in the econometric technique is to extend the gravity model to a panel data framework and take into consideration the existence of dynamic effects. In this paper, we apply these new techniques to examine th...

China’s trade with Africa has increased significantly in the past two decades. The effects of these growing trade volumes (and financial flows) are quite contested. The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of growing Chinese influence in Africa on the intra-regional trade in the continent. This paper estimates a traditional gravity model using Poisson pseudo-maximum-likelihood estimati...

Using bilateral data on remittance flows to Pakistan for 23 major host countries, in the first study of its kind, the authors examine the effect of transaction costs on foreign remittances. They find that the effect of transaction costs on remittance flows is negative and significant; suggesting that a high cost will either refrain migrant’s from sending money back home or make them remit throu...

In early February 2000, primary-to-secondary tube leakage ranging from one to four gallons per day (gpd) was detected in steam generator (SG) No. 24. On February 15, 2000, while the unit was operating at 99% power, SG leakage rapidly increased from 4 gpd to greater than 75 gallons per minute (gpm). The reactor was manually tripped 13 minutes later, and the faulted steam generator was isolated o...

A versatile continuous-flow synthesis of highly functionalized 1,2,4-oxadiazoles starting from carboxylic acids is reported. This process was applied to the multistep synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles, using a three reactor, multistep continuous-flow system without isolation of intermediates. This continuous-flow method was successfully combined with a single-step liquid...

We present results from laboratory experiments in a wave flume with and without a sediment bed to investigate the turbulent structure and sediment dynamics of wave-supported mud layers. The presence of sediment on the bed significantly alters the structure of the wave boundary layer relative to that observed in the absence of sediment, increasing the TKE by more than a factor of 3 at low wave o...

Given that the degradation of aromatic pollutants in anaerobic environments such as sediment is generally very slow, aeration could be an efficient bioremediation option. Using stable isotope probing (SIP) coupled with pyrosequencing analysis of 16S rRNA genes, we identified naphthalene-utilizing populations in aerated polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-polluted sediment. The results showed that na...

The Quaternary deposits of tectonically stable areas are a powerful tool to investigate high-frequency climate variations (<10 ka) and to distinguish allogenic and autogenic factors controlling deposition. Therefore, an Upper Pleistocene–Holocene coastal apron-fan system in north–western Sardinia (Porto Palmas, Italy) was studied to investigate the relations between climate changes, sea-level f...