Chronic nephron loss is compensated by functional adaptations which preserve electrolyte homeostasis. The response to volume expansion and diuretics was tested in dogs. Three phase recollection micropuncture studies were performed to assess the response of the remnant kidney in various stages of renal failure to furosemide administration (10 mg/Kg) and graded volume expansion (3 percent and 10 ...

Our concept of the ‘balance of TN : TP : SRSi-ratios’ attempts to determine whether the seasonal succession of phytoplankton communities is influenced by or responds to nutrient stoichiometry. Because the molar average of TN : TP : SRSi = 20 : 1 : 17 for 118 measurements (7 lakes, 3 inflows, all seasons) was close to the marine optimum stoichiometric ratio, we used the ratio TN : TP : SRSi = 16...

We report a method for manipulating feature sizes in Si-based grating structures by thermal oxidation, which allows the realization of fin width/period ratios not directly accessible by laser interference lithography. Taking advantage of the expansion in volume associated with the thermal oxidation of Si, grating structures with very high fin width/period ratios of the order of 0.96 were obtain...

An expander is employed to replace a throttling valve in a heat pump system of the convention order to further improve the efficiency of the system by recovering partial expansion work to dec consume of the system. Due to large expansion ratios of conventional refrigerants, a tw one-stage expand total losses, which are th efficiency efficiently.

The heat coefficients related to the Laplace-Beltrami operator defined on the hyperbolic compact manifold H3/Γ are evaluated in the case in which the discrete group Γ contains elliptic and hyperbolic elements. It is shown that while hyperbolic elements give only exponentially vanishing corrections to the trace of the heat kernel, elliptic elements modify all coefficients of the asymptotic expan...

The effects of initial b quark bound state for the semi-inclusive decays B → K(K)X are studied using light cone expansion and heavy quark effective theory methods. We find that the initial bound state effects on the branching ratios and CP asymmetries are small. In the light cone expansion approach, the CP-averaged branching ratios are increased by about 2% with respect to the free b-quark deca...

In experimental crosses with pedigreed cultures, the observed Mendelian ratios are supposed to be due to the chance combinations of 2” kinds of gametes (n = number of allelomorphic pairs) occurring in equal numbers. The total or aggregate results may show larger or smaller deviations from the calculated ratios, but these deviations frequently lie within reasonable limits of error on the hypothe...

The distribution of marine bivalve species among genera and higher taxa takes the form of the classic hollow curve, wherein few lineages are species rich and many are species poor. The distribution of species among genera (S/G ratio) varies with latitude, with temperate S/G's falling within the null expectation, and tropical and polar S/G's exceeding it. Here, we test several hypotheses for thi...