BACKGROUND Use of ultrasound in brain tumor surgery is common. The difference in attenuation between brain and isotonic saline may cause artifacts that degrade the ultrasound images, potentially affecting resection grades and safety. Our research group has developed an acoustic coupling fluid that attenuates ultrasound energy like the normal brain. We aimed to test in animals if the newly devel...

Serum disappearance curves in dogs after the intravenous injection of radioactive methotrexate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, 5-formyltetrahydrofolate, and folic acid followed first-order kinetics with half-disappearance times ranging from 1.3 to 9 hr respectively. Equilibration of spinal fluid tritium levels with those in serum was rapid (3.0 hr) for both of the reduced folates but was not observe...

In this paper, the flow of hydromagnetic non-Newtonian fluid under couple stresses through a porous channel is investigated using the Eyring– Powell model. The fluid is driven by an axial constant pressure gradient. Approximate solutions of the nonlinear dimensionless equations governing the fluid flow are obtained using a new modification of Adomian decomposition method (ADM). The effects of t...

The injection of liquid from a central well into a partially saturated aquifer of finite thickness is described using similarity solutions. The solutions illustrate that injection leads to a growing zone around the source in which the fluid fills the whole depth of the aquifer. Beyond this zone, the current adjusts to the depth in the far field as the fluid slumps under gravity. The radial exte...

The objective of this study was to determine if bupivacaine has any effects on the antioxidant defence system and in lipid peroxidation as thiobarbituric acid substance (TBARS) of spinal fluid. The experiment was carried out on 15 male clinically healthy, 3-4 years old, male Tuj ram weighing an average 56±5 kg. Eight ml of 0.5% bupivacaine was used for the induction of spinal anesthesia (SA). T...

Intrathecal pertussis toxin injection has been used as a neuropathic pain model. In the present study, its effects on cerebrospinal fluid biochemistry and nociceptive behavioral expression were examined in rats. Cerebrospinal fluid dialysate samples were collected and pertussis toxin was injected using an intrathecally implanted dialysis loop catheter; samples were collected and hyperalgesia be...

The evaluation of possible leakage pathways from CO2 storage operations requires attention to the magnitude, concentration and timescales involved. Herein we discuss a problem related to CO2 storage, the migration of CO2 as it is injected. This is accomplished through the application of analytical solutions. In particular, we derive a new analytical insight into the problem of fluid injection i...

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) synovial fluid and blood on the treatment effect on TMJ pain by intra-articular injection of glucocorticoid in patients with chronic inflammatory TMJ disorders. High pretreatment level of TNF-alpha in the synovial fluid was associated with a decrease of TNF-alpha an...

Unsteady slip-flow of second grade non-Newtonian electrically conducting fluid over an oscillating sheet has been considered and solved numerically. A second-order slip velocity model is used to predict the flow characteristic past the wall. With the assumption of infinite length in x-direction, velocity of the fluid can be assumed as a function of y and t, hence, with proper variable change pa...