The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of different conditioning procedures on various ceramic microstructures and bracket adhesion. Ceramic specimens (feldspathic, leucite, leucite-free, and fluorapatite) were mechanically conditioned (n = 20 per ceramic type) with conventional hydrofluoric acid (5 per cent HF; 60/30 seconds), buffered hydrofluoric acid (9.6 per cent BHF;...

Hydroxyapatite (HA) powders are ultrasonically dispersed in the precursor of fluoridated hydroxyapatite (FHA) or fluorapatite (FA) to form a "colloidal sol". HA/FA biphasic coatings are prepared on Ti6Al4V substrate via dip coating, 150 degrees C drying and 600 degrees C firing. The coatings show homogenous distribution of HA particles in the FA matrix. The relative phase proportion can be tail...

There is increasing demand for biomedical implants to correct skeletal defects caused by trauma, disease, or genetic disorder. In this study, the MG-63 cells were grown on metals coated with ordered and disordered fluorapatite (FA) crystal surfaces to study the biocompatibility, initial cellular response, and the underlying mechanisms during this process. The long-term growth and mineralization...

Rare-earth Yb(3+) and Ho(3+) co-doped fluorapatite (FA:Yb(3+)/Ho(3+)) crystals were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis, and their structure, upconversion properties, cell proliferation and imaging were investigated. The synthesized crystals, with a size of 16 by 286 nm, have a hexagonal crystal structure of classic FA and a Ca/Yb/Ho molar ratio of 100/16/2.1. Several reasonable Yb(3+)/Ho(3+) -e...

Controversy exists regarding the general safety of resin sealants and in particular their use in children, due to the possible leaching of non-polymerized monomers including bisphenol A. A thermally cured high-viscosity glass-ionomer cement (GIC) is suggested as a first-choice sealant material. An innovative approach of thermo-curing the GIC during placement is presented. The step-by-step clini...

Abstract X-Ray diffraction results for the study mine are mainly represented by two phases (phosphatic and non-phosphatic). First phase is apatite (fluorapatite) which dominant. The second includes carbonate minerals; calcite, dolomite, evaporated mineral (gypsum), sulphide (pyrite), in addition to quartz as a silicate mineral. These confirmed petrographic study. detailed microscopic examinatio...