introduction: today the prevalence of teeth decays has considerably decreased. related organizations and institutions mention several reasons for it such as improvement of decay diagnostic equipment and tools which are even capable of detecting caries in their initial stages. this resulted in reduction of costs for patients and remarkable increase in teeth life span. there are many methods for ...

Cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) is a promising target for the treatment of neuroinflammation and other diseases. However, lack understanding its complex signaling in cells tissues complicates therapeutic exploitation CB2 as drug target. We show first time that benchmark agonist HU308 increases cytosolic Ca2+ levels AtT-20(CB2) via phospholipase C. The synthesis photoswitchable derivatives from com...

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 is a major human drug-metabolizing enzyme and displays pharmacologically relevant allosteric kinetics caused by multiple substrate and/or effector binding. Here, in the first single-molecule (SM) fluorescence studies of CYPs, we use total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy to measure residence times of the fluorescent dye Nile Red in CYP3A4 incorporated in sur...

Both nitroreductase and the folate receptor are highly expressed in hypoxic tumors. The is a potential target for tumors, can selectively turn on fluorescence of probes by reducing nitro group to an amino group. Karan et al. (Karana, S., Cho, M., Lee, H., Park, Sundararajan, Sessler, J., Hong, K. Near-infrared fluorescent probe activated vitro vivo tumor detection. J. Med. Chem. 2021) developed...

BACKGROUND Development of theranostic concepts that include inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and laser ablation ICP-MS (LA-ICP-MS) imaging can be hindered by the lack of a direct comparison to more standardly used methods for in vitro and in vivo evaluation; e.g. fluorescence or nuclear medicine. In this study a bimodal (or rather, hybrid) tracer that contains both a fluore...

OBJECTIVE Increased serum human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 levels have been found in metastatic breast cancer patients and are correlated with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 overexpression in tumor cells. However, the prevalence of serum human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 in gastric cancer patients has not been elucidated. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed formalin-f...

l-Glutamate is the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate central nervous system, where it mediates many of its actions via G-protein-coupled metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors. Since little is known about the dynamics of mGlu receptors at the plasma membrane, we have constructed a fusion protein comprising the mGlu receptor subtype 1alpha (mGlu1alpha) and green fluorescen...

The kinetics of G-protein-coupled receptor activation and deactivation has, so far, been measured only indirectly, most frequently by assessing the production of various second messengers. We have developed methods based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer to quantify the kinetics of receptor activation by agonist (measured as conformational change in the receptor), the kinetics of G-prot...