Often neglected, food security1 and nutrition2 are critical for individuals, households and communities affected by HIV. Lack of food security and poor nutritional status may hasten progression to AIDS-related illnesses,3−5undermine adherence and response to antiretroviral therapy, and exacerbate socioeconomic impacts of the virus. HIV infection itself undermines food security and nutrition by ...

Ensuring that everyone in the world has access to enough nutritious food should be at the forefront of the post-2015 development discussions, as recently emphasized by the Secretary-General through the launch of the Zero Hunger Challenge.1 The present chapter highlights the changes needed in the food system to ensure food and nutrition security by 2050 and the challenges involved, given that ma...

This paper examines the effects of early childhood nutrition on schooling inputs and outcomes to assess the dynamic nature of human capital production, using panel data from South Africa. Height-for-age Z-score is used as a measure of health and nutritional status in early childhood. Based on a comparison of siblings, this analysis concludes that improving children’s health significantly lowers...

Ecology of Food and Nutrition is an internatibnal journal of the nutritional sciences. I t particularly emphasizes foods and their utilintion in satisfying the nutritional needs of mankind, but extends also to nonfood contributions: to obesity and leanness, malnutrition, vitamin requirements, and mineral needs. The scope is broad, and the content wide, so that culture prohibitions, traditional ...

A growing body of empirical research on the crossmodal correspondences, that is, on the associations between abstract features that we share across the senses, demonstrates that people associate (gustatory) tastes and visual shape features in a non-random manner. Such abstract features of shapes (e.g., symmetry or curvature) can, under certain circumstances, guide our taste expectations and eve...

It has been estimated that over 700 million people still do not have enough food to eat on a daily basis and that more than 2 billion are subsisting on diets that lack the essential vitamins and minerals required for normal growth and development and to prevent premature death and disabilites such as blindness and mental retardation. At the same time, millions more suffer from chronic diseases ...

The objective of this work was to study the quality of guar and guar gum produced in Sindh, Pakistan. Fresh guar, guar seeds and guar gum made in laboratory was analyzed for that purpose. For comparison purpose, analytical grade guar gum and industrial guar gum (prepared from guar split) was also studied. Results of proximate composition of guar seed revealed that it is mainly composed of Nitro...

guided by the principle that Americans should not be hungry or malnourished because they cannot afford a nutritious diet. Food assistance programs help to provide food and meet nutritional requirements for individuals and households that are vulnerable due to low income or other circumstances. Originally initiated in the early 1930s, with the primary objective to dispose of surplus agricultural...