It is shown that screening the background of super-strong interacting gravitons creates for any pair of bodies as an attraction force as well an repulsion force due to pressure of gravitons. For single gravitons, these forces are approximately balanced, but each of them is much bigger than a force of Newtonian attraction. If single gravitons are pairing, a body attraction force due to pressure ...

We have constructed an optical tweezer using two lasers (830 nm and 1064 nm) combined with micropipette manipulation having sub-pN force sensitivity. Sample position is controlled within nanometer accuracy using XYZ piezo-electric stage. The position of the bead in the trap is monitored using single particle laser backscattering technique. The instrument is automated to operate in constant forc...

During submaximal isometric contraction, there are two different load types: production of a constant force against a rigid restraint (force task), and maintenance of position against a constant load (position task). Previous studies reported that the time to task failure during a fatigue task was twice as long in the force task compared with the position task. Sensory feedback processing may c...

We show that when left and right handed neutrinos a have majorana mass matrix, local guage invariance produces a fifth force acting between chiral charges on neutrinos and quarks. The force is a carried by a massless (or low mass) 1-spin guage boson, we call an axiphoton. The force is caused by a U(1) axial guage symmetry in the way as the electromagnetic force. We expect from renormalisation t...

Crossbridge models of muscle contraction based on biochemical studies predict that there may be a relationship between the rate-limiting step in the actomyosin ATPase cycle in vitro and the rate of force development in vivo. In the present study, we measured the rate of force redevelopment in skinned rabbit muscle fibers following unloaded isotonic shortening and a rapid restretch. For comparis...

We investigate the mechanical unfolding of the tenth type III domain from fibronectin (FnIII(10)) both at constant force and at constant pulling velocity, by all-atom Monte Carlo simulations. We observe both apparent two-state unfolding and several unfolding pathways involving one of three major, mutually exclusive intermediate states. All three major intermediates lack two of seven native beta...