Payments systems typically involve a number of interconnected systems. These typically have at the center a large-value payment system (in many cases operated by a central bank) through which banks send funds to each other for various purposes. Some of these purposes include providing liquidity to complete transactions in any number of ancillary systems, such as other large value funds transfer...

Appendix A provides firm-level and industry-level evidence that is consistent with several key features of our model, including the predictions that rates of return increase with a firm’s intangible investments and foreign affiliate rates of return increase with age and with their parents’ R&D intensity. Appendix B provides details for the computation of our model’s equilibrium paths, the const...

163 In: McArthur, E. Durant; Fairbanks, Daniel J., comps. 2001. Shrubland ecosystem genetics and biodiversity: proceedings; 2000 June 13–15; Provo, UT. Proc. RMRS-P-21. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Angela D. Yu is a Graduate Student, Department of Geography, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0030. Simon A. Lei is ...

__________________________________________________________________ Following its opening to trade and foreign investment in the mid-1980s, Mexico’s economic growth has been modest at best, particularly in comparison with that of China. Comparing these countries and reviewing the literature, we conclude that the relation between openness and growth is not a simple one. Using standard trade theor...

Cognitive reserve (CR) has been proposed as a latent variable that can account for the frequent discrepancy between an individual's underlying level of brain pathology and their observed clinical outcome. A possible behavioral manifestation of CR is best strategy choice. Older adults have been shown to choose sub-optimal strategies for performing various tasks. The present study attempted to in...